【#大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試# #2021年下半年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解#】學(xué)而不思則罔，在掌握知識(shí)點(diǎn)之后將其運(yùn)用在解題中才是備考的好方法。下面是©無(wú)憂考網(wǎng)整理的內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)你們有幫助！

1.2021年下半年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解

　　The Present Is the Most Important

　　Shams and delusions are esteemed for soundest truths, while reality is fabulous. If men wouldsteadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it withsuch things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments. If werespected only what is inevitable and has a right to be , music and poetry would resoundalong the streets. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthythings have any permanent and absolute existence, --that petty fears and petty pleasure arebut the shadow of reality. This is always exhilarating and sublime. By closing the eyes andslumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life ofroutine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundation. Children, whoplay life, discern its true law and relations more clearly than men, who fail to live worthily, butwho think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book, that “there was a king’s son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was broughtup by a forester, and, growing up to maturity in that state, imagined himself to belong to thebarbarous race with which be lived. One of his father’s ministers having discovered him, revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and heknew himself to be a prince. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes itsown character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself tobe Brahme.” We think that that is which appears to be. If a man should give us an account ofthe realities he beheld, we should not recognize the place in his desc ription. Look at ameeting-house, or a court-house, or a jail, or a shop. Or a dwelling-house, and say what thatthing really is before a true gaze, and they would all go to pieces in your account of them. Menesteem truth remote, in the outskirts of the system, behind the farthest star, before Adamand after the last man. In eternity there is indeed something true and sublime. But all thesetimes and places and occasions are now and here. God himself culminates in the presentmoment, and will never be more divine in the lapse of all ages. And we are enabled toapprehend at all what is sublime and noble only by the perpetual instilling and drenching ofthe reality that surrounds us. The universe constantly and obediently answers to ourconceptions; whether we travel fast or slow, the track is laid for us. Let us spend our lives inconceiving then. The poet or the artist never yet had as fair and noble a design but some of hisposterity at least could accomplish it.

　　1. The writer’s attitude toward the arts is one of

　　[A]. admiration. [B]. indifference. [C]. suspicion. [D]. repulsion

　　2. The author believes that a child.

　　[A]. should practice what the Hindoos preach.

　　[B]. frequently faces vital problems better than grownups do.

　　[C]. hardly ever knows his true origin.

　　[D]. is incapable of appreciating the arts.

　　3. The author is primarily concerned with urging the reader to

　　[A]. look to the future for enlightenment. [B]. appraise the present for its true value.

　　[C]. honor the wisdom of the past ages. [D]. spend more time in leisure activities.

　　4. The passage is primarily concerned with problem of

　　[A]. history and economics. [B]. society and population.

　　[C]. biology and physics. [D]. theology and philosophy.

　　1. A. 欽佩。本文第三句“如果我們只尊重必然的東西，尊重有權(quán)威為必然的東西，那么音樂和詩(shī)歌會(huì)重新在街上唱誦�！北疚淖詈笠痪洹半m然詩(shī)人或藝術(shù)從來(lái)沒有如此美好和崇高的設(shè)想，但他們有些后代至少會(huì)達(dá)到這一步的�！边�有難句譯注1。這些都說明作者對(duì)藝術(shù)視為崇高和美好，不是被蒙蔽的東西。

　　B. 漠不關(guān)心。 C. 懷疑的。 D. 排斥。多不對(duì)。

　　2. B. 孩子們常常比成人更好地面對(duì) 各種問題。本文第七句“孩子們游戲生活(整天只知道玩兒)，卻比難以很好的生活的成人們更清楚的分辨出顯示生活的真正規(guī)律和種種關(guān)系�！�

　　A. 孩子應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)踐印度布道宣傳的東西。 C. 幾乎對(duì)其真實(shí)出身一無(wú)所知。這是講王子的事情，不是一般孩子。 D. 難以欣賞藝術(shù)。并未提及。

　　3. B. 珍視目前的真正價(jià)值。這在文章倒數(shù)第五句“永恒中，確實(shí)有真實(shí)和崇高的東西存在。但是所有這一切時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，機(jī)遇都是在此時(shí)此地。上帝本身在現(xiàn)時(shí)達(dá)到了頂峰。在今后流逝的歲月中，它絕不會(huì)更加神圣崇高。我們只有長(zhǎng)期不斷地灌輸和浸潤(rùn)在周圍現(xiàn)實(shí)之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的東西。不論我們的步伐快還是慢，路線已為我鋪定。那就讓我們的生命在體會(huì)感受中度過�！弊髡邚�(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)實(shí)才是人們應(yīng)該抓住的。

　　A. 指望未來(lái)給予啟迪。 C. 尊重過去的智慧。 D. 在悠閑的活動(dòng)中花更多的時(shí)間。

　　4. D. 神學(xué)和哲學(xué)。整篇文章都傳遞了這兩個(gè)內(nèi)容，特別是哲學(xué)推理論說。

　　A. 歷史和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。 B. 社會(huì)和人口。 C. 生物和物理。

2.2021年下半年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解

　　The fridge is considered necessary. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food list appeared with the label: "Store in the refrigerator."

　　In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, 1 was fed well and healthy. The milkman came every day, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times each week. The Sunday meatwould last until Wednesday and surplus(剩余的) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.

　　The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. Many well-tried techniques already existed -- natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...

　　What refrigeration did promote was marketing --- marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the world in search of a good price.

　　Consequently, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the rich countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house -- while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.

　　The fridge's effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been not important. If you don't believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and mm off your fridge next winter. You may not eat the hamburgers(漢堡包), but at least you'll get rid of that terrible hum.

　　練習(xí)題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.The statement "In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily." suggests that______.

　　A.the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties.

　　B.the author was not accustomed to fridges even in his fifties.

　　C.there was no fridge in the author's home in the 1950s.

　　D.the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s.

　　2.Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?

　　A.People would not buy more food than was necessary.

　　B.Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.

　　C.Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.

　　D.People had effective ways to preserve their food.

　　3.Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?

　　A. Inventors.

　　B. Consumers.

　　C. Manufacturers.

　　D. Travelling salesmen.

　　4.Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridge's negative effect on the environment?

　　A.“Hum away continuously”.

　　B.“Climatically almost unnecessary”.

　　C.“Artificially-cooled space”.

　　D.“With mild temperatures”.

　　5.What is the author's overall attitude toward fridges?

　　A. Neutral.

　　B. Critical.

　　C. Objective.

　　D. Compromising.

　　1.[C] 句意理解題。由句中的childhood可知，fifties指的應(yīng)該是50年代，而不可能是50多歲，據(jù)此可排除A、B;fridgeless是合成詞，由詞根fridge"冰箱”和表示否定的后綴-less組成，由可推斷其意為“無(wú)冰箱的"，故C正確。

　　2.[D] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。在第2段中，說到“不會(huì)浪費(fèi)東西”前，作者指出把吃剩的面包和牛奶做成蛋糕，以防止浪費(fèi)，故D正確。A、C在文中并未提及，排除;B所述并非不浪費(fèi)食物的原因，也可排除。

　　3.[B] 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。綜觀全文，作者對(duì)認(rèn)為冰箱不是必備品，最后一段更明確指出，它對(duì)人類幸福的貢獻(xiàn)微不足道，故可推斷，消費(fèi)者從冰箱中獲益最少，故B正確。

　　4.[A] 詞義理解題。A中的hum指"發(fā)出嗡嗡聲",表明冰箱產(chǎn)生的嗓音，是對(duì)環(huán)境的負(fù)面作用，故正確。B、D只是指出冰箱在實(shí)際上沒有必要使用的地區(qū)卻被廣泛使用;C僅說明冰箱是對(duì)人工加熱房間的影響，并不能說明其對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，故排除。

　　5.[B] 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題�？紪俗髡叩挠^點(diǎn)，可根據(jù)文中細(xì)節(jié)得出答案。第3段首提到，冰箱對(duì)保存食物沒有多大貢獻(xiàn)，最后一段首則指出它對(duì)環(huán)境的影響已是顯而易見的，這些細(xì)節(jié)都表明作者對(duì)冰箱持批評(píng)態(tài)度。

3.2021年下半年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀理解

　　A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more.

　　Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colors and various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our crops as well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and otherareas. But licks and some insects, such as mosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.

　　There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.

　　A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangerous situations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.

　　Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural object Some insects use bright, bold colors to send warning signalsthat they taste bad,sting or are poison.Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies are fooled into avoiding them.

　　練習(xí)題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _____.

　　A.on the mountains with little air

　　B.in the cold polar areas

　　C.in the hot desert areas

　　D.in the open oceans

　　2.Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _______

　　A.hiding in tiny spaces

　　B.having a strong shell

　　C.flying away when necessary

　　D.changing colors or shapes

　　3.Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______

　　A.frighten away their enemies

　　B.avoid being discovered

　　C.send warning signals

　　D.look bitter-tasting

　　4.The passage mentions that insects ______.

　　A.can be found in any extreme environments

　　B.have survived longer than any other creatures

　　C.can be fed on any natural or man-made foods

　　D.are important for the growth of crops and flowers

　　5.The passage is mainly about ______

　　A.how insects survive in different places

　　B.why insects can survive so successfully

　　C.what insects can do to the environment

　　D.where insects can be found in quantity

　　1.[D] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查對(duì)復(fù)合句的理解。本題涉及兩個(gè)段落，第2段及第3段都提及昆蟲大量生長(zhǎng)的地方，第3段第3句中的The one place指出了答案。

　　2.[B] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查對(duì)復(fù)雜句的理解。第4段第1句指出了答案。protect…from…是對(duì)resistant to的同義替換。

　　3.[B] 推理判斷題。本題考查對(duì)長(zhǎng)句的理解。最后一段第2句中的nearly invisible表明昆蟲偽裝是為了不被發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。其他選項(xiàng)雖然都是昆蟲偽裝的目的，但都與偽裝成自然物體無(wú)關(guān)。

　　4.[D] 推理判斷題。本題考查對(duì)含有分詞結(jié)構(gòu)句子的理解。根據(jù)第2段倒數(shù)第2句中的useful及分詞結(jié)構(gòu)pollinating可推斷昆蟲對(duì)植物的生長(zhǎng)有益處。選項(xiàng)A、B、C中都有any,過于絕對(duì)。由第3段第2、3句可知選項(xiàng)A不對(duì)。文章雖在開頭指出昆蟲存活的年代久遠(yuǎn)，但全文未提到它是存活時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的生物，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。至于昆蟲的食物，第3段倒數(shù)第2句有提及,但只是a wide range of,由此可排除選項(xiàng)C。

　　5.[B] 主旨大意題。本文前兩段首先描述了昆蟲生存了很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，并能在各種地方生長(zhǎng)，然后引出文章要討論的重點(diǎn)，即昆蟲為什么能成功存活。第3段第1句為本文的中心句，因此本題正確選項(xiàng)為B。