
1.高中生英語語法句子
1. that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語,作主語時不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。(that作主語)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主語或賓語,作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主語,whom用作賓語。在口語中,有時可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個女孩是英國人。(作主語)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
2.高中生英語語法句子
(1)when指時間,其先行詞表示時間,在句中作時間狀語。例如:This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時間。
(2)where指地點(diǎn),其先行詞表示地點(diǎn),在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。例如:
This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點(diǎn)。
(3)why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。
3.高中生英語語法句子
一、 動詞-ing形式的特征和種類與動詞不定式一樣,動詞的-ing形式也具有動詞的特征,有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化,并可帶狀語、賓語等。
A.動詞-ing形式的一般式
1. 動詞-ing形式的一般式可用來泛指一個動作,沒有特別的時間意義。
Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜歡的體育運(yùn)動。
Learning is important to modern life. 學(xué)習(xí)對現(xiàn)代生活很重要。
2. 動詞-ing形式的一般式可用來表示和謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的動作。
They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他們有說有笑地走出教室。
She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她傾聽她鄰居的講話。
3. 動詞-ing形式的一般式有時也可表示在謂語動詞的動作之前或之后發(fā)生的動作。
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我記得上星期給他發(fā)過一份電子郵件。
He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建議下個星期天帶我女兒去動物園。
B. 動詞-ing形式的完成式
動詞的-ing形式的完成式表示一個已完成的動作,這個動作發(fā)生或完成在謂語動詞表示的動作之前。
Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在這個城市生活了3年,她對這里已很熟悉。
I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. 錯過了這么振奮人心的演講,我真的很遺憾。
注意:
在現(xiàn)代英語中,作賓語的-ing形式的完成式可用一般式來代替。
I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. 錯過了這么振奮人心的演講,我真的很遺憾。(=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.)
We remembered seeing the film. 我們記得看過這部電影。(=We remembered having seen the film. )
C. 動詞-ing形式的被動形式
動詞的-ing形式的被動形式表示它的邏輯主語是-ing形式表示的動作的承受者。
1.一般式的被動形式
The question being discussed is very important. 正在討論的問題很重要。
I can't stand being kept waiting. 我不堪久候。
2.完成式的被動形式
I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team. 我聽說他被選為球隊的教練。
Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library.在被帶去看了實(shí)驗室之后,我們又被帶去參觀校圖書館。
4.高中生英語語法句子
等常見考點(diǎn)。主謂一致是指:
1) 語法形式上要一致,即單復(fù)數(shù)形式與謂語要一致。
2) 意義上要一致,即主語意義上的單復(fù)數(shù)要與謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式一致。
3) 就近原則,即謂語動詞的單復(fù)形式取決于最靠近它的詞語,
一般來說,不可數(shù)名詞用動詞單數(shù),可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用動詞復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
There is much water in the thermos.
但當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞前有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.
15.1 并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù),例如:
Reading and writing are very important. 讀寫很重要。
注意:當(dāng)主語由and連結(jié)時,如果它表示一個單一的概念,即指同一人或同一物時,謂語動詞用單數(shù),and 此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞。例如:
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 鋼鐵工業(yè)對我們的生活有重要意義。
典型例題
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注: 先從時態(tài)上考慮。這是過去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用過去時,先排除A.,C。本題易誤選D,因為The League secretary and monitor 好象是兩個人,但仔細(xì)辨別,monitor 前沒有the,在英語中,當(dāng)一人兼數(shù)職時只在第一個職務(wù)前加定冠詞。后面的職務(wù)用and 相連。這樣本題主語為一個人,所以應(yīng)選B。
15.2 主謂一致中的靠近原則
1)當(dāng)there be 句型的主語是一系列事物時,謂語應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。例如:
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支筆、一把小刀和幾本書。
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十個男孩,二十三個女孩。
2)當(dāng)either… or… 與neither… nor,連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞與最鄰近的主語保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引導(dǎo),而主語又不止一個時,謂語通常也和最鄰近的主語一致。例如:
Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 給你筆、信封和紙。
15.3 謂語動詞與前面的主語一致
當(dāng)主語有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞組成的短語時,謂語動詞與前面的主語部分一致。例如:
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教師和一些學(xué)生在參觀工廠。
He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去劃船。
15.4 謂語需用單數(shù)
1)代詞each以及由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語時,或主語中含有each, every時, 謂語需用單數(shù)。例如:
Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我們每人都有錄音機(jī)。
There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表壞了。
2)當(dāng)主語是一本書或一條格言時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。例如:
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜譚》是英語愛好者熟悉的一本書。
3)表示金錢,時間,價格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語時,通常把這些名詞看作一個整體,謂語一般用單數(shù)。例如:
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三個星期來做準(zhǔn)備。
Ten yuan is enough. 十元夠了。
15.5 指代意義決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)
1)代詞what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。例如:
All is right. 一切順利。
All are present. 人都到齊了。
2)集體名詞作主語時,謂語的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等詞后,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式時強(qiáng)調(diào)這個集體中的各個成員,用單數(shù)時強(qiáng)調(diào)該集體的整體。例如:
His family isn\'t very large. 他家成員不多。
His family are music lovers. 他家個個都是音樂愛好者。
但集合名詞people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:
Are there any police around? 附近有警察嗎?
3)有些名詞,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有時看作單數(shù),有時看作復(fù)數(shù)。例如:
A number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)動詞。
The number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+單數(shù)動詞。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
15.6 與后接名詞或代詞保持一致
1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主語時,謂語動詞通常與of后面的名詞/代詞保持一致。例如:
Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的錢化在書上了。
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分學(xué)生積極參與體育運(yùn)動。
2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主語時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。例如:
A series of accidents has been reported. 媒體報道了一連串的事故。
A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 爐邊有一堆木柴。
3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修飾的短語作主語時,謂語動詞多用單數(shù)形式。但由more than… of 作主語時,動詞應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致。例如:
Many a person has read the novel. 許多人讀過這本書。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的學(xué)生來自這個城市。
5.高中生英語語法句子
助動詞have的用法如下:1)have +過去分詞,構(gòu)成完成時態(tài),例如:
He has left for London. 他已去了倫敦。
By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.
上月未為止,他們已經(jīng)完成工作的一半。
2)have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞,構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時,例如:
I have been studying English for ten years.
我一直在學(xué)英語,已達(dá)十年之久。
3)have+been +過去分詞,構(gòu)成完成式被動語態(tài),例如:
English has been taught in China for many years.
中國教英語已經(jīng)多年。