GMAT的重點(diǎn)題型之一平行并列：
平行并列：見到平行看結(jié)構(gòu)，形式功能要對(duì)稱.就GMAT而言，平行并列是考試中的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn)，英語稱其為parallel structure: this is a little bit like making sure that the two sides of a mathematical equation are balance.就解題而言要求做到四個(gè)點(diǎn)。
形式對(duì)稱
概念對(duì)等
功能相同
含義單一
一)形式對(duì)稱：
指平行并列連接詞前后的詞形式上完全對(duì)稱
下面以GMATpre test 1為例：
例1：The airline company, following through on recent warnings that it might start reducing service, announced that it was eliminating jet service to nine cities, closing some unneeded operations, and it grounded twenty-two planes.
(A) closing some unneeded operations, and it grounded
(B) closing some unneeded operations, and grounding
(C) was closing some unneeded operations, while it grounded
(D) it closed some unneeded operations and grounded
(E) it was closing some unneeded operations, and grounding
譯文：航空公司遵照最近的警告它可能會(huì)開始減少服務(wù)而宣布它將會(huì)減少噴氣機(jī)服務(wù)到九個(gè)城市,關(guān)閉不需要的操作和停飛22架飛機(jī)。
分析：平行并列結(jié)構(gòu),形式要對(duì)稱.所以本題答案是B eliminating, closing and grounding 本題重點(diǎn)考查平行并列結(jié)構(gòu).都是航空公司做的三個(gè)動(dòng)作。
例2 The list of animals that exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include the lower vertebrates.
(A) exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include
(B) exhibits the preference to use either the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded and includes
(C) exhibit a preference in either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include
(D) exhibit a preference for using either the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include
(E) exhibit the preference as to either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded and includes
譯文：動(dòng)物展示出用左手或右手等的列表已經(jīng)進(jìn)一步的擴(kuò)大到了更為低等的脊椎動(dòng)物
分析：定語從句的主謂一致取決于所修飾對(duì)象.前面出現(xiàn)的是animals 所以應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù).答案只能在CDE中產(chǎn)生.either or 要求形式是要對(duì)稱. 而C和E選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了either using or the left表達(dá)錯(cuò)。
由此可見GMAT在考查平行并列過程中要求前后嚴(yán)格對(duì)稱。
二)概念對(duì)等：
平行并列過程中,要求概念要對(duì)等,就名詞而言,特指對(duì)特指,抽象對(duì)抽象,具體對(duì)具體.它們從來不相互對(duì)應(yīng)進(jìn)行并列。
New theories propose that catastrophic impacts of asteroids and comets may have caused reversals in the Earth’s magnetic field, the onset of ice ages, splitting apart continents 80 million years ago, and great volcanic eruptions.
A splitting apart continents
B the splitting apart of continents
C split apart continents
D continents split apart’
E continents that were split apart
譯文：新的理論提出小行星和慧星災(zāi)難性的影響可能引地磁場的顛倒，冰川時(shí)代的到來，8千萬年前大陸的分裂以及火山的噴發(fā)。
分析：本題平行并列部分是. Reversals , the onset, …. And eruption顯然是由動(dòng)詞的抽象名詞詞形的并列。所以動(dòng)詞的抽象名詞表結(jié)果，只能和抽象名詞并列，而doing強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)做,就splitting apart而言，無名詞，所以只能用the splitting apart表達(dá)此意。
本題選的是B
