Conversation One:

　　M: Hi, Anna! Welcome back! How’s your trip to the States?

　　W: Very busy. I had a lot of meetings, so, of course, I didn’t have much time to see New York.

　　M: What a pity! Actually, I have a trip there myself next week.

　　W: Do you? Then take my advice, do the well-being in the air program. It really works.

　　M: Oh, I read about that in a magazine. You say it works?

　　W: Yes, I did the program on the flight to the States, and when I arrived at New York, I didn’t have any problem, no jet lag at all. On the way back, I didn’t do it, and I felt terrible.

　　M: You’re joking!

　　W: Not at all, it really meant a lot of difference.

　　M: En. So what did you do?

　　W: Well, I didn’t drink an alcohol or coffee, and I didn’t eat any meat or rich food. I drink a lot of water, and fresh juice, and I ate the noodles on the well-being menu. They’re lighter. They have fish, vegetables, and noodles, for example, and I did some of the exercises of the program.

　　M: Exercises? On a plane?

　　W: Yes. I didn’t do many, of course, there isn’t much space on a plane.

　　M: How many passengers do the exercises?

　　W: Not many.

　　M: Then how much champagne did they drink?

　　W: A lot! It was more popular than mineral water.

　　M: So, basically, it’s a choice. Mineral water and exercises, or champagne and jet lag.

　　W: That’s right! It’s a difficult choice.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.

　　19. Why did the woman go to New York?

　　20. What does the woman say about the well-being in the air program?

　　21. What did the woman do to follow the well-being menu?

　　22. What did the woman say about other passengers?

　　Conversation Two:

　　W: Morning. Can I help you?

　　M: Well, I’m not rally sure. I’m just looking.

　　W: I see. Well, there’s plenty to look at it again this year. I’m sure you have to walk miles to see each stand.

　　M: That’s true.

　　W: Er…, would you like a coffee? Come and sit down for a minute, no obligation.

　　M: Well, that’s very kind of you, but…

　　W: Now, please. Is this the first year you’ve been to the fair, Mr….

　　M: Yes, Johnson, James Johnson.

　　W: My name’s Susan Carter. Are you looking for anything in particular, or are you interested in computers in general?

　　M: Well, actually, I have some specific jobs in mind. I owe a small company, we’ve grown quite dramatically over the past 12 months, and we really need some technological help to enable us to keep on top of everything.

　　W: What’s your line of business, Mr. Johnson?

　　M: We’re a training consultancy.

　　W: I see. And what do you mean “to keep on top”?

　　M: The first thing is correspondence. We have a lot of standard letters and forms. So I suppose we need some kind of word processor.

　　W: Right. Well, that’s no problem. But it may be possible for you to get a system that does a lot of other things in addition to word processing. What might suit you is the MR5000. That’s it over there! It’s IBM compatible.

　　M: What about the price?

　　W: Well, the MR5000 costs 1,050 pounds. Software comes free with the hardware.

　　M: Well, I’ll think about it. Thank you.

　　W: Here’s my card. Please feel free to contact me.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard:

　　23. Where did the conversation take place?

　　24. What are the speakers talking about?

　　25. What is the man’s line of business?

　　答案

　　19. B) To have meetings.

　　20. D) It can lessen the discomfort cased by air travel.

　　21. D) Avoided eating rich food.

　　22. C) Not many of them chose to do what she did.

　　23. A) At a fair.

　　24. C) The purchasing of some equipment.

　　25. B) Training consultancy.

　　應(yīng)試框架下的能力考察——

　　淺析2007年6月六級(jí)聽力長(zhǎng)對(duì)話部分

　　今年六級(jí)聽力考試的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話部分，集中體現(xiàn)了命題組對(duì)于考試改革的訴求——強(qiáng)調(diào)在實(shí)際環(huán)境中的語言運(yùn)用能力。從六級(jí)考試的定位來分析，由于六級(jí)針對(duì)的往往是高校的高年級(jí)學(xué)生，這些考生即將走上社會(huì)，投入實(shí)際工作，因此他們的英語學(xué)習(xí)不能僅停留在對(duì)書本知識(shí)的表層理解上，而要“學(xué)以致用”。

　　命題以工作場(chǎng)景為核心，強(qiáng)調(diào)商務(wù)英語

　　在這一指導(dǎo)原則下，今年長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的命題完全脫離了以往聽力題目以學(xué)校生活為主要背景的做法，而將對(duì)話內(nèi)容全部安排在工作和商務(wù)場(chǎng)景之下。其實(shí)，早在國(guó)家教委所發(fā)行的六級(jí)樣題中，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的conversation one內(nèi)容為一家公司招聘初級(jí)銷售經(jīng)理，這已經(jīng)給以后的六級(jí)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話命題提供了線索——這類新題型是專門在新的英語應(yīng)用要求下應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的，因此會(huì)廣泛地結(jié)合工作內(nèi)容。而這種線索，在6月23日的六級(jí)考試中無疑得到了具體驗(yàn)證。

　　在題目中涉及工作內(nèi)容，這從九十年代中期起，就在短對(duì)話的命題中有所體現(xiàn)，但當(dāng)時(shí)只是“蜻蜓點(diǎn)水”，通常只在對(duì)話中安插個(gè)別與工作相關(guān)的單詞，與整體的解題關(guān)系比較間接，夠不成難度。但在今年的第二篇長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中，場(chǎng)景是在一次展銷會(huì)上，其中的男生由于要為公司采購計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備，因此來展銷會(huì)參觀，而女生則是他在展銷會(huì)上碰到的一位銷售人員。兩人的對(duì)話頻繁涉及會(huì)展、商業(yè)洽談、產(chǎn)品介紹、價(jià)格詢洽、建立商業(yè)往來等內(nèi)容，且層次豐富、信息容量大(六級(jí)的長(zhǎng)對(duì)話篇幅比四級(jí)長(zhǎng)，而且每位說話人每次發(fā)言的句子都比較復(fù)雜，這是四級(jí)和六級(jí)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話在難度上的一大區(qū)別)。據(jù)很多考生事后反映，對(duì)于這類題目頗感措手不及，聽的時(shí)候大腦的反應(yīng)跟不上對(duì)話的節(jié)奏。比如女生向男生介紹新形電腦產(chǎn)品時(shí)有這樣一句話：But it may be possible for you to get a system that does a lot of other things in addition to word processing… It’s IBM compatible. 其中的word processing指電腦的文檔處理系統(tǒng)，而compatible這個(gè)詞表示“可兼容的”，在這里指這套計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)可以和IBM電腦兼容。這兩個(gè)詞都是非常典型的六級(jí)詞匯，很多考生雖然在詞匯手冊(cè)上背到過，但放到句子的語言環(huán)境中來具體理解，就覺得比較吃力了。同樣地，當(dāng)女生詢問男生所從事的職業(yè)時(shí)，她說：What’s your line of business? 在這里，就不能把line, business之類的詞單獨(dú)理解了，line of business作為一個(gè)完整的固定表達(dá)，意為“行業(yè)領(lǐng)域”；女生向男生介紹售價(jià)時(shí)有這樣一句表達(dá)：Software comes free with hardware.意思是軟件是隨同硬件免費(fèi)附贈(zèng)的。像這些語言，其實(shí)對(duì)于六級(jí)的考生來說，不存在任何難詞，但由于對(duì)整體語言環(huán)境缺乏把握，容易造成理解上的困難。

　　難詞依然存在，但不影響解題

　　說到這次長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中的難詞、偏詞，可能要數(shù)conversation one中提到的jet lag了。這篇長(zhǎng)對(duì)話發(fā)生在同事之間，女生剛從紐約出差回來，向男生介紹了飛機(jī)旅途中的一項(xiàng)well-being program(健康計(jì)劃)，其中提到這項(xiàng)健康計(jì)劃旨在降低旅客的jet lag，即“由飛行引起的身體不適”。這個(gè)詞先后兩次出現(xiàn)在文章中。而第20題針對(duì)健康計(jì)劃的目的和作用來提問，因此必須理解jet lag才能解題。但要理解這個(gè)詞，不一定要事先背過單詞，只要利用上下文稍加推測(cè)即可。男生在對(duì)話結(jié)尾處提到：So, basically, it’s a choice. Mineral water and exercises, or champagne and jet lag.提示jet lag是和鍛煉等健康的生活方式相反的一個(gè)選擇，也就是會(huì)另人不適的，理解到這一曾就可以做題了。

　　順便提一句，類似情況在這次的級(jí)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話中也有所體現(xiàn)。題目有一處提到了continental breakfast，即“歐洲大陸早餐”，這種早餐通常只提供面包卷、黃油、咖啡等，與生活在歐洲大陸之外的英國(guó)人吃的早餐有較大不同，因此得名。這些內(nèi)容，native speaker說起來非常自然，但對(duì)于中國(guó)考生來說，不了解文化社會(huì)的背景知識(shí)，可能覺得很陌生。雖然有一題針對(duì)continental breakfast提問，但并沒有要求考生搞懂這種早餐到底是什么，因此做題時(shí)，只要接收到有關(guān)breakfast的信息就足夠了。但以后的命題很可能反復(fù)出現(xiàn)這類信息，如果要在考試時(shí)真正有把握理解對(duì)話整體，需要考生補(bǔ)充過去容易忽略的文化常識(shí)。這體現(xiàn)出了四六級(jí)考試對(duì)于在校大學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)的導(dǎo)向性作用，值得大家借鑒。

　　考點(diǎn)與清晰，解題順序清楚

　　conversation two問了三道題，分別是對(duì)話發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、對(duì)話主要內(nèi)容和男生從事的行業(yè)。前兩題都是短對(duì)話中常見的問題，考生比較熟悉，也較容易把握。其實(shí)，只要一看第23的選項(xiàng)，四個(gè)in, at開頭加地點(diǎn)名詞的短語，熟悉選項(xiàng)預(yù)讀技巧的同學(xué)可以在聽錄音之前就直接判斷出題方向了。且三道題目，23考察在對(duì)話開頭，24通過對(duì)話的層層展開得到提示，25在文章結(jié)尾處出現(xiàn)答案，這種考點(diǎn)布置的手法，與短文理解題如出一轍�？傊�，從題型的角度來說，長(zhǎng)對(duì)話需要我們?cè)诼犞�前借鑒短對(duì)話的預(yù)讀方法做預(yù)判，而聽的時(shí)候以短文理解題的思路，逐題定位答案。