1.2025年12月大學英語四級常考語法 篇一
名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses)。 名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組， 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
分類
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：
連詞(5個)：that (本身無意義。引導單一的賓語從句時that�？墒÷�，但引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時that通常不被省略)
whether,if (均表示“是否”表明從句內容的不確定性)
as if ,as though (均表示“好像”，“似乎”)
以上在從句中均不充當任何成分
連接代詞(10個)：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose,whosever, which, whichever
連接副詞(7個)：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however
不可省略的連詞：
1. 介詞后的連詞。
2. 引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
3. 在從句中做成分的連詞.
比較
whether與if 均為"是否"的意思。 但在下列情況下，只可用whether：
1. whether引導主語從句并在句首。
eg:Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.
2. 引導表語從句。
eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her.
3. whether從句作介詞賓語。
eg:I am thinking about whether I should quit my present job.
4.if與whether都可以與or not 連用，但后面緊跟or not 時只能用whether。
We didn't know whether or not she was ready.(此時只能用whether)
I wonder whether/if the news is true or not.(此時則二者都可以用)
5.后面直接跟動詞不定式時。
6.引導同位語從句時。
2.2025年12月大學英語四級�？颊Z法 篇二
倒裝結構1) 當表示否定或基本否定的詞或詞組位于句首作狀語時用倒裝。這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。
Never have I heard it before.
Nowhere can I find my lost watch.
Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.
Note: 當 “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首時用倒裝。該結構表示“一…就…”，在時態(tài)上主句一般用過去完成時，when或than引導的從句用一般過去時。
Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.
No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.
2) 當here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副詞位于句首，句中主、謂用倒裝。
Here is the book for you.
There goes the bell.
Then came the order to take off.
Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.
3) 當 “so/such … that”結構中的so或such 位于句首時用倒裝。
So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.
Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.
4) 分句以so, neither, nor, no more等副詞位于句首，表明前面句子中所說明的情況也使用于后面的句子時用倒裝。
Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals.
He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.
3.2025年12月大學英語四級�？颊Z法 篇三
定語從句定語從句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。
關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關系副詞有：when, where, why等。
在復習英語四級考試的過程中，大家是不是對語法部分很頭疼呢?以下是定語從句的知識點歸納，超級詳細!
1.先行詞為all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代詞時，關系代詞一般只用that，不用which。在大多數(shù)情況下that可以省略.
Please tell me everything (that) you know about the matter.
2.as引出的限制性定語從句
在such …as的結構中as可作關系代詞，引出限制性定語從句。有時和same連用，在從句中可作主語、賓語或表語等。
Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.
3.as引出的非限制性定語從句
as可作關系代詞引出非限制性定語從句，代替整個主句，通常譯為“(正)如…一樣”，“(正)象…一樣”等。as引導的從句一般用逗號與主句隔開，可以位于主句的前面、中間或后面.
I live a long way from work, as you know.
4.分隔式定語從句
定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但有時會被其他句子成分與先行詞隔開，從而構成分隔式定語從句。
The days are gone when power politics worked.
5.介詞+關系代詞(which/whom等)引出的定語從句
如果關系代詞(which/whom等)在定語從句中作介詞的賓語，那么這個介詞可以提到從句前，構成“介詞+關系代詞(which/whom等)+定語從句”。在這種結構中關系代詞不可以用that。
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.
6.關系代詞在限制性定語從句中常可以省略,一般有以下幾種情況：
1) 關系代詞在從句中作直接賓語時，在大多數(shù)情況下可以省略。
This is something (that) you must always keep in mind.
關系代詞作介詞賓語時，介詞位于句尾時關系代詞可以省略;介詞位于關系代詞之前時則關系代詞不能省略。
This is the room (which) Churchill was born in.
2) 關系代詞作主語時一般不能省略，但如果關系代詞在由there …be存在句構成的定語從句中作主語時�？墒÷�。
This is the only book (that) there is on this subject.
3) 在way后面的定語從句中in which或that通常省略。
That’s the way (that/in which) I look at it.
7.非限制性定語從句
非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞或整個主句，起補充說明的作用，如果省略掉，原句句意仍保持完整。非限制性定語從句要用逗號與主句隔開，其引導詞不能用that。非限制性定語從句屬于正式語體。經�？嫉降姆窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句有以下三種。
1)由which、as引導的非限制性定語從句。which、as代表整個主句。
He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.
2)由 “介詞+關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句。
He sent her a letter, in which he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.
3)由 “數(shù)詞、代詞或名詞+of +關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句。
He had three sons, one of whom was my son’s classmate.
