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專業(yè)四級(jí)考前惡補(bǔ)—語法詞匯(3)

時(shí)間:2008-05-20 22:42:00   來源:無憂考網(wǎng)     [字體: ]
形容詞層迭修飾時(shí)的順序

  幾個(gè)屬于不同層次的形容詞作修飾語時(shí),其詞序一般按下列順序排列:限定詞→表示說話人評(píng)價(jià)的形容詞→表示大小、形狀、新舊的形容詞→表示顏色的形容詞→表示國別、來源、材料的形容詞→表示用途或目的的形容詞→名詞中心詞。例如:

  the town's charming old English church

  a wellknown German medical school

  the man's first two interesting little red French oil paintings

  近義詞辨析

  bother, disturb, trouble, worry

  這組詞均含有“不停地?zé)⿺_他人或搞得某人心神不寧”的意思。

  bother 和disturb常用于主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)兩種形式中。用于被動(dòng)時(shí),bother指常受到時(shí)有時(shí)無的小事的煩擾。用于主動(dòng)時(shí),bother的意思比disturb強(qiáng),帶有故意打擾他人的意思。

  If you return me the book, I will stop bothering you.你歸還我的書后,

  我就不打擾你了。

  disturb用于被動(dòng)形式時(shí),意思比bother強(qiáng)烈,有時(shí)甚至可指精神錯(cuò)亂。用在主動(dòng)形式時(shí),意思最弱,指某人無意中打擾他人,這種打擾行為并非存心沖著他人去的。The man was mentally disturbed.這個(gè)人精神錯(cuò)亂了。

  trouble和worry主要用于被動(dòng),指被某事搞得心神不寧。

  trouble比worry稍正式些,指麻煩別人一件事而影響他人舒適、方便、效率、健康或心境的平靜等。

  May I trouble you for the book?麻煩您把書遞給我好嗎?

  worry

  主要指因?qū)δ呈碌慕Y(jié)果沒有把握而焦慮不安,還可指某人沉浸在軟弱無助的情緒或思慮中。

  Worrying about your health can make you sick.經(jīng)常擔(dān)心你的健康,會(huì)使你生病的。

  全真模擬試題

  1. It's not fair that you come home after a bad day at work a

  nd ____ your wife and children.

  A. take it out on B. take out it on 

  C. take out on D. take on it with

  2. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ____.

  A. he catches cold B. he should catch cold 

  C. he caught cold D. he be catching cold

  3. Our teacher recommended that we ____ as attentive

  as possible when we visit the museum.

  A. are B. shall be C. be D.were

  4. You ____ business interfering with my affairs.

  A. have none B. have no

  C. have none of the D. have nothing like

  5. The new cut in interest rate ____ promote domestic

  investment.

  A. means to B. directs toward

  C. is meant to D. leads to

  6. Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers

  ____ to increase the sales of industrial products.

  A.have been used B. will be used 

  C. is being used D. has been used

  7. While being questioned on the court, the man denied ____

  the old lady's necklace.

  A. having taken B. taking

  C. to have taken D. to take

  8. Dr. Park was accused ____ the patient with overdose of slee

  ping pills so that the patient's life was terminated before the expected time.

  A.of providing B. with providing

  C. to have provided D. to provide

  9. By the end of next month we ____ this assignment.

  

  A. will finish B. will be finishing

  C. will have finished D. have finished

  10. We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours ____ miracle.

  A.is working B. works

  C. will be working D. worked

  11. It was dark in the cave so she ____ a match.

  A. struck B. hit C. fired D. burned

  12. Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is ____ with a cold.

  A. laid out B. laid up C. laid by D. laid down

  13. She often says her greatest happiness ____ serving the handicapped children.

  A.relies on B. consists in

  C. composes of D. comprises in

  14. To make this ____ clear we shall have to look clo

  sely into biology's long history.

  A.distinction B. indication C. recognition D. constitution

  15. Most importantly, such an experience helps ____ a heightened sensitivity to

  other cultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of one's own culture as well.

  A. coach B. forsake C. foster D.censor

  16. When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the ____

  back together.

  A. fragments B. pieces C. bits D. slices

  17. Jane tried to ____ the doorman with money, but she failed.

  A. bribe B. corrupt C. award D. endow

  18. Classification is a useful ____ to the organizati

  on of knowledge in any field.

  A. means B. approach C. mode D. manner

  19. The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow ____

  to environmental threats.

  A. response B. responsibility

  C. resolution D. resistance

  20. We have a high regard for Prof. Joseph because he always ____

  his principles.

  A. lives on B. lives up to

  C. lives through D. lives with

  21. My grandfather accidentally ____ fire to the house.

  A.put B. took C.set D. got

  22. We enjoyed the holiday ____ the expense.

  A.except B. besides

  C. in addition to D. except for

  23. If you want children to work hard you must ____ their interests instead of their sense of duty.

  A. appeal to B. look into C. give rise to D. go in for

  24. Basically a robot is a machine which moves, manipulates, joins or proc

  esses ____ in the same way as human hand or arm.

  A. characters B. components

  C.catalogues D. collections

  25. Of course, talking about something which affects them personally is

  ____ motivating for students.

  A. chiefly B. correctly C. currently D. eminently

  試題答案與解析 

  1. A) 【句意】 白天的工作不順心,回到家里

  拿老婆孩子出氣,這是不公平的。

  【難點(diǎn)】 take it out on sb. 意為“拿某人出氣”,其中it是無人稱代

  詞,無所指,這是一個(gè)固定的結(jié)構(gòu)。

  2. B) 【句意】 由于害怕孩子感冒,她在孩子

  身上又蓋了一條毯子。

  【難點(diǎn)】 for fear that 后接虛擬語氣,(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。

  3. C) 【句意】 我們的教師建議我們參觀博物

  館的時(shí)候注意力應(yīng)盡可能集中。

  【難點(diǎn)】 recommend,command ,suggest 等詞后接的賓語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。

  4. B) 【句意】 你沒有權(quán)力干涉我們的事情。

  【難點(diǎn)】 have no business doing /to do something 意為“沒有權(quán)力,沒有理由做某事“

  5. C) 【句意】 利率再次下調(diào)旨在促進(jìn)國內(nèi)投資。

  【難點(diǎn)】 be meant to do 意為“旨在做 ”;mean to do 意為“打算做,企圖做“;lead to 意為”導(dǎo)致“,后接名詞。

  6. A) 【句意】 像直接郵件、無線電、電視和報(bào)紙這樣的廣告媒介一直被用來促進(jìn)工業(yè)品的銷售。

  【難點(diǎn)】 根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),media 是medium 的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  7. A) 【句意】 法庭傳訓(xùn)他的時(shí)候,他否認(rèn)拿了老太太的項(xiàng)鏈。

  【難點(diǎn)】 deny后需接動(dòng)名詞,由于動(dòng)作是過去發(fā)生的,所以選A),動(dòng)名詞的完成式。

  8. A) 【句意】 帕克大夫被指控向患者提供過量的安眠藥,結(jié)果造成病人在預(yù)期的時(shí)間前死亡。

  【難點(diǎn)】 be accused of 是個(gè)常見的詞組,意為“被控有…罪”。

  

  9. C) 【句意】 到下月底,我將完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

  【難點(diǎn)】 by the end of next month (year)是將來完成時(shí)的典型狀語,故選C)。

  10. B) 【句意】 除非你的新經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃創(chuàng)造奇跡,否則我們將賠錢。

  【難點(diǎn)】 unless 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

  11. A) 【句意】 巖洞里很黑,她燃著了一根火柴。

  【難點(diǎn)】 strike 意為“擦(火柴)”,其它幾個(gè)詞不能和matches搭配。

  12. B) 【句意】 瑪麗不能來參加生日晚會(huì)了,

  因?yàn)樗剂烁忻,臥床在家。

  【難點(diǎn)】 lay up 意為“因痛(或傷殘)臥床”,常用被動(dòng)語態(tài); lay out 意為“擺出,展開”;lay by 意為“儲(chǔ)存”;lay down意為“犧牲,獻(xiàn)出”。

  13. B) 【句意】 她常說她的快樂在于為殘

  疾兒童服務(wù)。

  【難點(diǎn)】 consist in 意為“在于,存在于”;rely on 意為“依靠,依賴”;be composed of 意為“由…構(gòu)成”;comprise 意為“由…組成;構(gòu)成”。

  14. A) 【句意】 為了搞清楚這一差別,我們必須認(rèn)真地審視一下生物學(xué)發(fā)展的漫長歷史。

  【難點(diǎn)】 distinction意為“區(qū)別;差異”;indication意為“標(biāo)示,跡象”;recognition意為“(正式的)承認(rèn),認(rèn)可,認(rèn)知”;constitution意為“憲法,體制”。

  15. C) 【句意】 最重要的是,這樣的經(jīng)歷能促

  進(jìn)人們對(duì)其它文化的感受性,并使他們更欣賞自己的文化。

  【難點(diǎn)】 foster意為“培養(yǎng),促進(jìn),助長”;coach意為“訓(xùn)練,指導(dǎo)”;forsake意為“遺棄,拋棄”;censor意為“審查,檢查”。

  16. A) 【句意】 安把盤子打碎后,想把碎片再合在一起。

  【難點(diǎn)】 fragment 意為“碎片,碎塊”;piece意為“塊,片”;bit意為“小片;小段”;slice意為“薄片;切片”。

  17. A) 【句意】 簡企圖用錢賄賂看門人,但失敗了。

  【難點(diǎn)】 bribe 意為“收買;行賄”;corrupt意為“腐蝕,使墮落”;award意為“授予(獎(jiǎng)品等);給予”;endow意為“資助,捐贈(zèng)”。

  18. B) 【句意】 分類是組織任何領(lǐng)域知識(shí)內(nèi)容的有效方式。

  【難點(diǎn)】 approach作“方式,方法;態(tài)度”講時(shí),后接介詞to,其它幾個(gè)詞沒有這種用法。

  19. A) 【句意】 人類已為他們對(duì)環(huán)境威脅作出的遲緩反應(yīng)付出了重大代價(jià)。

  【難點(diǎn)】 response意為“反應(yīng)”后接介詞to ;responsibility意為“責(zé)任”;resolution意為“決心,決定”;resistance意為“抵抗”。

  20. B) 【句意】 我們十分尊重約瑟夫教授,因?yàn)樗偸切攀卦瓌t。

  【難點(diǎn)】 live up to 意為“遵守,實(shí)踐(諾言,原則)”;live on 意為“以…

  為生“;live through意為”度過,經(jīng)歷過“;live with 意為”忍受;容忍“。

  21. C) 【句意】 我爺爺不小心放火燒著了房子。

  【難點(diǎn)】 詞組set fire to 意為“點(diǎn)燃,使燃燒”。

  22. D) 【句意】 除了花很多錢外,我們的假期很愉快。

  【難點(diǎn)】 except指的是除去同類的事物,且常用于否定句;besides是包含在內(nèi)的,除了;in addition to 也是包括在內(nèi);except for 是除了不同類的事物。

  23. A) 【句意】 如果你要孩子們努力學(xué)習(xí),你必須喚起他們的興趣而不是責(zé)任感。

  【難點(diǎn)】 appeal to 意為“有感染力,有吸引力”;look into 意為“調(diào)查,觀

  察“;give rise to意為”引起,導(dǎo)致“;go in for意為”愛好;從事,參與“。

  24. B) 【句意】 機(jī)器人基本上是一臺(tái)機(jī)器,它

  能像人的手臂一樣移動(dòng)、操縱、結(jié)合或加工零件。

  【難點(diǎn)】 component意為“零件;成分”;character 意為“特性;人格”;catalogue意為“目錄”;collection意為”收集“。

  25. D) 【句意】 當(dāng)然,談?wù)撘恍┯绊憣W(xué)生個(gè)性的事對(duì)他們是非常有積極作用的。

  【難點(diǎn)】 emine

  ntly 意為“突出地;明顯地”;chiefly意為“主要地;大部分”;correctly意為“正確地”,currently意為“現(xiàn)時(shí),當(dāng)前”。