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2011年北京成人學(xué)位英語預(yù)測題及參考答案

Passage 2

　　Question 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.

　　(78)Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time：if corrected too much，he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit，he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way，children learning to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught—to walk，run，climb，whistle，ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people，and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him，or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out，with the help of other children if he wants it，what his word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

　　If it is a matter of right answers，as it may be in mathematics or science，give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work?Our job should be to help the child when he tells that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn，how to measure their own understanding，how to know what they know or do not know.

　　6. According to the passage，which of the following is the best way for children to learn things?

　　A. Listening to skilled people's advice.

　　B. Asking older people many questions.

　　C. Making mistakes and having them corrected.

　　D. Doing what other people do.

　　7. The writer think teachers should NOT

　　A. give children correct answers B. allow children to make mistakes

　　C. point out children's mistakes to them D. let children mark their own work

　　8. According to the writer，teachers in school should

　　A. allow children to learn from each other

　　B. point out children's mistakes whenever found

　　C. correct children's mistakes as soon as possible

　　D. give children more book knowledge

　　9. According to the passage，learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are

　　A. different from learning other skills B. the same as learning other skills

　　C. more important than other skills D. not really important skills

　　10. The title of this passage could probably be

　　A. Let Us Teachers Stop Work

　　B. Let Us Make Children Learn

　　C. Let Children Correct Their Exercises

　　D. Let Children Learn By Themselves

　　一、文章總體結(jié)構(gòu)分析

　　文章第一段主要圍繞讓孩子們學(xué)會判斷他們自己的工作而論述，通過列舉事實講述了要給孩子留有空間，讓他們自己在學(xué)習(xí)中成長，而非總是來指導(dǎo)他們什么是正確的什么是不正確的;第二段主要談?wù)撛趯W(xué)校老師們總是給學(xué)生指出錯誤，應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，自己改正。

　　二、 試題具體分析

　　6.「答案」D.本題考查的是考生對細節(jié)的把握，答案對應(yīng)文章第一段，其中列舉了大量事實講述要給孩子留有空間，讓他們自己在學(xué)習(xí)中成長，而并非總是來指導(dǎo)他們什么是正確什么不是正確。與D項更好相符。

　　7.「答案」C.本題考查的也是考生對細節(jié)的把握，答案對應(yīng)文章第一段后兩句，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容我們可以知道作者認為教師不能老是給學(xué)生指出錯誤，應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，自己改正。

　　8.「答案」A.本題考查的也是考生對細節(jié)的把握，答案對應(yīng)文章第一段的內(nèi)容。按照作者的意思，老師要允許孩子們彼此學(xué)習(xí)。

　　9.「答案」B.本題考查的也是考生對細節(jié)的把握，答案對應(yīng)文章第一段第四行。

　　10.「答案」D.本題考查的是考生對全篇文章的理解，第一段和第二段都是講要讓孩子自己去學(xué)會技能，而不必總是老師來教一切。

　　三、文章長難句分析與佳句賞析

　　1. Let him work out，with the help of other children if he wants it，what his word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. 讓他自己解決，如果他愿意的話可以在其他孩子們的幫助下，他說什么，這個問題的答案是什么，這是否是說或者做的一個好方法。

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：Let him work out…what his word says，what the answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.with the help of…在句中作插入語成份。而work out后面跟的是三個并列成份。

　　2. Let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn，how to measure their own understanding，how to know what they know or do not know. 讓孩子們學(xué)習(xí)那些受過教育的人們有朝一日要學(xué)習(xí)的，如何衡量他們自己的理解力，如何知道他們知道什么，不知道什么。

　　句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析：Let the children learn what…，how to…，how to…，what…，how to…，how to…為句子的三個并列賓語從句。

　　四、核心詞匯

　　Judge判斷;Bit by bit逐漸地;whistle吹口哨;performance執(zhí)行，行為;point out指出;work out解決;waste浪費;routine日常事務(wù)，例行公事;

　　五、全文翻譯

　　讓孩子們學(xué)會判斷他們自己的工作。一個孩子學(xué)說話并不是通過一直地被糾正而學(xué)會的：如果被糾正的太多的話，他會停止說話。他在一天中注意他所用的語言和周圍的人們用的語言的不同有上千次。一點一點地，他為使他的語言像其他人的一樣而作了必要的改變。同樣地，孩子們學(xué)其他所有的事情，他們都是無師自通的——走路，跑，爬，吹口哨，騎自行車——將他們自己的行為和那些更熟練地人們進行比較，慢慢地做出必要的改變。但是，在學(xué)校里，我們并沒有給一個孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的錯誤并自己改正的機會。我們?nèi)�都為他們做了。我們的做法好像是我們認為他是不會注意到錯誤的，除非為他指出來，或者是他是不會改正錯誤的，除非我們讓他改正。讓他自己解決，如果他愿意的話可以在其他孩子們的幫助下，他說什么，這個問題的答案是什么，這是否是說或者做的一個好方法。

　　如果是一個正確答案的問題，像是數(shù)學(xué)或者是科學(xué)，給他們答案書。讓他們自己更正自己的作業(yè)。為什么我們老師要浪費時間在如此程序化的事情上呢?我們的工作是在孩子說他找不到得到正確答案的方法時給他幫助。讓孩子們學(xué)習(xí)那些受過教育的人們有朝一日要學(xué)習(xí)的，如何衡量他們自己的理解力，如何知道他們知道什么，不知道什么。


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