1. Jim was so opposed to any type of change that he ------- even the most beneficial of -------.
A. blamed......customs
B. presented.......inventions
C. welcomed.......reforms
D. anticipated.......results
E. resisted.......improvements
解析： so....that的因果關(guān)系，所以前后同義，第一空應(yīng)與oppose(反對(duì))同義，第二空是beneficial of...應(yīng)為正向詞，故E合適。
翻譯：Jim 反對(duì)任何形式的改變，甚至是有助于提高的(改變也反對(duì))。
2. Eager to enlist as a soldier during the American Revolution, Deborah Sampson Gannett successfully------- the military’s gender boundary by donning men’s clothing and ------ a male identity.
A. delineated........flaunting
B. circumvented........assuming
C. reinstated.......mimicking
D. denounced......inventing
E. skirted........disguising
解析： 從前半句可知，為了要參軍，D這個(gè)人成功的怎么樣了性別界限，說(shuō)明這人是個(gè)女的，所以規(guī)避這組詞可選，故第一空B,E正確，第二空，她通過(guò)穿上男人的衣服并且要裝得像男人，所以排除了disguise(掩飾)。assume 這個(gè)詞作動(dòng)詞時(shí)可翻譯為“裝，做作”等意思=affect=act。所以正確答案為B
翻譯：Deborah很想注冊(cè)入伍，她通過(guò)穿上男人衣服裝扮男性，成功地規(guī)避了軍隊(duì)的性別界限。
3. For a cycling tourist, -------is paramount: situation inevitably arise that require a cyclist to be alert and keen witted.
A. deference
B. perseverance
C. munificence
D. alacrity
E. vigilance
解析：冒號(hào)解釋題，線索為alert and keen witted。故答案為E。
翻譯：對(duì)于一個(gè)騎車的旅行者，警惕是至關(guān)重要的：這種情況要求車手要機(jī)警。
4. The problem of soil degradation is -------: few, if any, agriculturally important regions are unaffected by it.
A. recent
B. modest
C. subtle
D. global
E. finished
解析：冒號(hào)解釋題，線索為冒號(hào)后：幾乎沒(méi)有地區(qū)沒(méi)被影響，所以土地惡化波及很廣，故選D。
翻譯：土地惡化問(wèn)題波及甚廣，幾乎沒(méi)有一個(gè)以農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)為主的地區(qū)沒(méi)有受到影響。 5. Lauren was often labeled easygoing because she tended to appear mild and ------ rather than tense and -------.
A. sullen......serious
B. relaxed......excitable
C. joyful.....intelligent
D. slow......patient
E. likable......humorous
解析：并列關(guān)系題，第一空為mild同義詞，第二空為tense同義詞，或easygoing反義詞。兩空的邏輯方向也是反的，故答案為A。
翻譯：人們都知道Lauren很隨和，因?yàn)樗矚g顯得溫和而輕松而不是很緊繃而易激動(dòng)。
6. The poet’s publisher cautioned her against overusing -------language, but the poet preferred the lively, informal dialect of her hometown.
A. vernacular
B. superannuated
C. bombastic
D. austere
E. erudite
解析：轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，詩(shī)人喜歡用生動(dòng)和非正式的方言，而出版商警告他不要過(guò)多運(yùn)用什么，故答案為A。 Superannuated之前SAT考試中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)，大家把這個(gè)詞放到“過(guò)時(shí)的”意群里去。從詞根中我們也可看出super-：over; -ann-：year。
翻譯：出版商警告詩(shī)人不要過(guò)多運(yùn)用方言，但是詩(shī)人喜歡用自己家鄉(xiāng)生動(dòng)的、不那么正式的家鄉(xiāng)話。
7. Essayist Michel de Montaigne cultivated a contemplative prose style that seems to meander with his thoughts, thereby making his essays------- and filled with ------.
A. digressive.......tangents
B. cursory.......ephemera
C. convoluted......jargon
D. frenetic......platitudes
E. aimless.......polemic
解析：因果關(guān)系題，thereby為邏輯線索詞。本題的題眼在meander with his thoughts，即與他的思想偏離的，所以他的文章是怎么樣的，故答案為A。
翻譯：散文家Michel de Montaigne采用一種看似與他想法背離的冥想的散文方式來(lái)寫作，因此讓他的散文跑題并包含很多不切題的部分。
8. The book was aptly described as------- because it was instrumental in advancing knowledge about its subject.
A. seminal
B. recondite
C. beguiling
D. incendiary
E. inchoate
解析：因果關(guān)系題，空格后說(shuō)明原因是推進(jìn)此學(xué)科知識(shí)的工具書，因此答案為A。Seminal這個(gè)詞之前在SAT填空部分沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)，但如果大家詞根掌握的很好就知道這個(gè)詞與disseminate有關(guān)，dis-semin-ate：dis-表示分散，-semin-為種子的意思。所以seminal理解為未來(lái)發(fā)展及推進(jìn)的種子，種子就要傳播生長(zhǎng)，故可譯為“有開創(chuàng)性的”。
翻譯：這本書可以被恰當(dāng)?shù)拿枋鰹?像種子般)有開創(chuàng)性，因?yàn)樗峭茝V該學(xué)科知識(shí)的指導(dǎo)書。
Section 6
1. It was ------- of the hikers to head out their journey into the wilderness without enough supplies or practical survival experience.
A. dishonest
B. reckless
C. petty
D. cunning
E. thrifty
解析：沒(méi)有充足供給和生存知識(shí)的遠(yuǎn)足者如果進(jìn)入荒野將會(huì)是怎么樣的，故答案為B。
翻譯：遠(yuǎn)足者在沒(méi)有充足供給和實(shí)際生存知識(shí)的情況下進(jìn)入荒野是魯莽的，不計(jì)后果的。 2. Although daydreaming is generally seen as counterproductive, it can be surprisingly-------, even helping us make progress toward long-term goals.
A. distracting
B. infrequent
C. difficult
D. useful
E. simple
解析：解釋題，空格后為此題線索，helping 的同義詞為useful，答案為D。
翻譯：盡管白日夢(mèng)被視為是適得其反的，但它可以是驚人的有用，甚至可以幫助我們朝著長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。
3. Some health professionals believe that ------- can be --------by limiting caloric intake: put simply , if you eat moderately, you may live longer.
A. stamina...... impaired
B. Endurance.......alleviated
C. immortality.......averted
D. longevity........promoted
E. maturity........established
解析：冒號(hào)解釋或目的題，1. by 通過(guò)限制卡路里的攝入;2. 冒號(hào)后解釋“吃的少，活的長(zhǎng)”。 所以看到live longer，第一空基本可以確定了，故D為正確選項(xiàng)。
翻譯：一些健康專家認(rèn)為壽命可以通過(guò)限制卡路里的攝入來(lái)提高：簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)說(shuō)就是吃的少，活的長(zhǎng)。
4. Stinkbugs, as their name suggests, are capable of secreting a -------- chemical to ward off predators.
A. malignant
B. debilitating
C. malodorous
D. fragmentary
E. phosphorescent
解析：SAT中的典型題目：名字題。當(dāng)題干中出現(xiàn)書名，地名或Nickname并題目讓你注意這些名字時(shí)(as their name suggests)，名字即為線索。Stinkbug臭蟲，stink為惡臭的意思，故答案為C�？赏ㄟ^(guò)詞根mal+odor來(lái)分析此詞。E選項(xiàng)是新考詞匯，意思是“發(fā)磷光的”
通過(guò)詞根也可看出“-phos-=-phot-：光”，-phor- means “to carry”，所以這個(gè)詞基本意思為“to carry light”，帶著光的(尤指夜光)。
翻譯：臭蟲，正如它的名字所指，可以分泌出一種惡臭的化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)抵御捕食者。
5. Mae West bold disregard for popular conventions and norms during her film career earned her reputation for --------.
A. tenaciousness
B. audacity
C. voraciousness
D. amiability
E. complacency
解析：題干說(shuō)M這個(gè)人通過(guò)什么獲得的...名譽(yù)，所以前面的bold是線索詞。答案選Bold同義詞B選項(xiàng)。
翻譯：Mae West在她的電影生涯中大膽地?zé)o視了流行的傳統(tǒng)觀念，幫助她贏得了膽大的稱呼。
Section 8
1. As a child, anthropologist Mireya Mayor was expected to practice piano regularly, a most ------- task for someone who preferred to play outdoors.
A. galvanizing
B. grueling
C. embarrassing
D. diverting
E. ingratiating
解析：題干說(shuō)對(duì)于喜歡在戶外活動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，定期練習(xí)鋼琴是一件什么任務(wù)，閑不住的人當(dāng)然覺(jué)得練習(xí)很累了，所以空格選負(fù)向詞grueling“繁重而累人的”。故答案為B。
翻譯：還是一個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，人類學(xué)家Mireya Mayor被期望能在家里定期練習(xí)鋼琴，這對(duì)一個(gè)喜歡戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)繁重而累人的任務(wù)。 2. The immersion of young people of the Hmong American communities into mainstream society and politics has caused a -------- of leadership roles, with the traditional preeminence of the elders increasingly------- by new ideas.
A. disappearance.......buoyed
B. shifting........challenged
C. vanishing........manifested
D. transformation........detailed
E. stagnation........curtailed
解析：此題從第二空突破比較簡(jiǎn)單，傳統(tǒng)的老年位高權(quán)重會(huì)被新思想怎么樣，所以第二空一定是負(fù)向的“挑戰(zhàn)”之類的詞，再看第一空shifting轉(zhuǎn)變很合適，故答案為B。
翻譯：年輕人融入主流社會(huì)及政壇導(dǎo)致了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)角色的轉(zhuǎn)變，傳統(tǒng)的老年人位高權(quán)重的情況將被新思潮挑戰(zhàn)。
3. Seymour worked with--------, almost crushing thoroughness: every step of the complex project was carried out with unremitting-------.
A. exhaustive........exactitude
B. impromptu.......documentation
C. astounding.......simulation
D. profound......evasion
E. informal.......perfectionism
解析：第一空解釋，線索詞為后面的thoroughness，故從第一空就能看出為A。Exhaustive為詳盡的。因?yàn)樵敱M，所以第二空選精確。
翻譯：Seymour工作很細(xì)致詳盡，詳盡到了把一件事情掰開了揉碎了(crushing)分析：一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜項(xiàng)目的每一步都執(zhí)行的精確無(wú)誤。
4. In 1972, a leading American university offered two courses in Black studies; in 1985 it offered 21 such courses, a change exemplifying the -------of minority studies since 1970s.
A. rarity
B. convergence
C. incredulity
D. prognostication
E. proliferation
解析：此題exemplify證明前后同義，前面的兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)的變化2到21說(shuō)明了答案應(yīng)該為：E。
翻譯：1972年美國(guó)頂尖大學(xué)提供兩個(gè)黑人研究的課程;1985年課程擴(kuò)大到了21個(gè)，這個(gè)變化說(shuō)明了少數(shù)群體的研究自從70年代增長(zhǎng)了。
5. Some feminist theorists believe that patriarchy is -------- reality rather than a permanent state.
A. a transitory
B. a perpetual
C. an immutable
D. an idealistic
E. an intemperate
解析：對(duì)比關(guān)系，rather than 前后要選反義詞，故空格應(yīng)選permanent的反義詞，答案為A。
翻譯：一些女權(quán)主義理論家認(rèn)為，男性掌權(quán)是一個(gè)短暫的事實(shí)而不是一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)的狀態(tài)。
6. Although a few biologist have ------ some mind flaws in this method of classifying specimens, it nevertheless an -------- procedure to follow.
A. spurned.......untenable
B. expunged.......infallible
C. lamented.......efficacious
D. rectified........indubitable
E. accentuated.......erroneous
解析：轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系題，第一空選動(dòng)詞，賓語(yǔ)為mind flaws(思維錯(cuò)誤)所以動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是負(fù)向這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，后面轉(zhuǎn)折，不管怎樣這個(gè)方法是個(gè)什么樣的步驟，應(yīng)該是個(gè)正向形容詞，所以B,C，D 都可以選，但B,D兩個(gè)詞的意思是“準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤的，完全沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的”跟前面flaw矛盾，故答案為C。
翻譯：盡管少數(shù)生物學(xué)家痛惜這種物種分類方法中的思維錯(cuò)誤，但不管怎樣它的步驟是有效的。
