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　　Germs on Banknotes

　　People in different countries use different types of 1 yuan in China, pesos in Mexico, pounds in the United Kingdom, dollars in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. They may use 2 currencies, but these countries, and probably all countries, still have one thing in common1: Germs on the banknotes.

　　Scientists have been studying the germs on money for well over2 100 years. At the turn of the 20th 3 , some researchers began to suspect that germs living on money could spread disease.

　　Most studies of germy money have looked at the germs on the currency 4 one country. In a new study, Frank Vriesekoop3 and other researchers compared the germ populations found on bills of different 5 .

　　Vriesekoop3 is a microbiologist at the University of Ballarat in Australia4. He led the study, which compared the germ populations found on money 6 from 10 nations. The scientists studied 1,280 banknotes in total; all came from places where people buy food, like supermarkets street vendors and cafes, 7 those businesses often rely on cash.

　　Overall, the Australian dollars hosted the fewest live bacteria ---- no more than 10 per square centimeter. Chinese yuan had the most ---- about 100 per square centimeter. Most of the germs on money probably would not cause harm.

　　What we call “paper” money usually isn't made from paper. The U. S. dollar, for example, is printed on fabric that is mostly 8 .Different countries may use different 9 to print their money. Some of the currencies studied by Vriesekoop and his 10 such as the American dollar were made from cotton. Others were made from polymers.

　　The three 11 with the lowest numbers of bacteria were all printed on polymers. They included the Australian dollar, the New Zealand dollar and some Mexican pesos.

　　The other currencies were printed on fabric made 12 of cotton. Fewer germs lived on the polymer notes. This connection suggests that 13 have a harder time staying alive on polymer surfaces. Scientists need to do more studies to understand how germs live on money-----and whether or not we need to be concerned. Vnesekoop is now starting a study that will 14 the amounts of time bacteria can stay alive on different types of bills.

　　Whatever Vriesekoop finds, the fact remains: Paper money harbors germs We should wash our 15 after touching it; after all5, you never know where your money 's been. Or what's living on it
詞匯：

　　pesos/pi:səvs/ n .比索 bacterium /kæk'tiəriəm/ n .細菌(單數(shù))

　　germ/dʒə:m/ n.病菌 bacteria /bæktiəriə/細菌(復(fù)數(shù))

　　banknote/bæŋknəvt/ n.紙幣 centimeter/senti,mi:tə。/ n.厘米

　　microbiologist /,maikrəv,baiɔlədʒist/n.微生 polymer/pɔlimə / n. [高分子」聚合物

　　物學家 harbor/ha:bə/ v.懷有，藏有

　　vendor/vendəI/n.小販

　　注釋：

　　1.have one thing in common ：有一個共同點

　　2. well over ：大大超過

　　3. Frank Vriesekoop : Frank Vriesekoop 博士是巴拉瑞特大學的食品微生物學家，他率領(lǐng)一個全球研究小組對至少10個國家的紙幣展開了分析。他的研究結(jié)果是：相對于比較落后貧窮的國家，富裕發(fā)達國家的紙幣所攜帶的病菌較少。重要的是，世界各地紙幣上的病菌數(shù)量都沒有達到令人擔心的程度。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)紙幣使用的年限和材質(zhì)對紙幣的污染程度也有影響。

　　4. University of Ballarat in Australia：澳大利亞巴拉瑞特大學。該校建立于1994年，位于維多利亞省的巴拉瑞特市。

　　5. after all：畢竟

　　練習:

　　1. A coins B money C cheques D loans

　　2. A different B clean C hard D foreign

　　3. A anniversary B year C decade D century

　　4. A along B with C within D outside

　　5. A countries B areas C regions D provinces

　　6. A delivered B borrowed C gathered D designed

　　7. A because B though C when D where

　　8. A plastic B rubber C cotton D paper

　　9. A languages B colors C substances D materials

　　10. A family B team C advisor D boss

　　11. A expenses B banks C statements D currencies

　　12. A nearly B mostly C likely D merely

　　13. A dirt B water C germs D oil

　　14. A compare B connect C conduct D command

　　15. A arms B hands C face D clothes