1.In terms of happiness, your spouse—if you have one—is worth $100,000 ayear.

　　1、就幸福而言，你的配偶——如果你有的話(huà)——值10萬(wàn)美元一年。

　　2.That's the finding of two economists who have tried to put a monetary value on happiness by measuring the emotional value of everything from religion to racial discrimination in dollars.

　　2、這是兩位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家研究的結(jié)果。他們?cè)噲D從金錢(qián)的角度來(lái)衡量幸福，以美元為單位對(duì)從宗教到種族歧視等各種情感進(jìn)行估價(jià)。

　　3.Such a calculation, admits economist David Blanchflower, is "a little bit off the wall" and may prompt wry comments within some marriages on "cashing in".

　　3、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家大衛(wèi)*布蘭奇弗勞爾承認(rèn)，這種計(jì)算是“有點(diǎn)離奇”，并可能引起不當(dāng)?shù)南敕�，認(rèn)為有些人結(jié)婚是為了 “從中撈取好處”。

　　4.The two economists are, of course, speaking of averages. They have used an annual survey of some 1,500 Americans from 1972 to 1998 to measure self- reported happiness and the factors that go with it. But it turns out that the happiness value of a stable marriage is "incredibly high", says Dr. Blanchflower, a professor at Dartmouth College in Hanover, N.H., whose study has just been published by the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, Mass. "Don't give it up lightly."

　　4、當(dāng)然，這兩位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家是就一般人而言的。他們從1972年到1998年每年對(duì)大約1500名美國(guó)人進(jìn)行調(diào)查，衡量他們自述的幸福和產(chǎn)生幸福的因素。 結(jié)果表明，一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的婚姻的幸福值“髙得令人難以置信”，布蘭奇弗勞爾博士如是說(shuō)。布蘭奇弗勞爾博士是新罕布什爾州漢諾威市達(dá)特默思大學(xué)教授， 他的研究成果新近已由馬薩諸塞州劍橋市的全國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局發(fā)表。他還說(shuō)：“不要輕易放棄婚姻。”

　　5.Blanchflower and his partner Andrew Oswald, an economist at Warwick University in Britain, begin with this question: "Taken all together, how would you say things are these days—would you say that you are happy, pretty happy, or not so happy?"

　　5、布蘭奇弗勞爾和他的合作伙伴——英國(guó)華威大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家安德魯•奧斯瓦爾德，是以這個(gè)問(wèn)題開(kāi)始他們的調(diào)查的：“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，你會(huì)怎樣描述近況——是快樂(lè)、相當(dāng)快樂(lè)，還是不怎么快樂(lè)? ”

　　6.The survey results include detailed characteristics of those surveyed, such as whether they are married, divorced, single, their income level, race, gender, etc. With that data, they found which factors are associated with greater happiness.

　　6、調(diào)查結(jié)果包括被調(diào)查對(duì)象的詳細(xì)特征一一已婚、離異、單身、收入水平、種族和性別等。他們運(yùn)用這些數(shù)據(jù)找出了那些與更高程度幸福相關(guān)的因素。

　　7.Extra money does buy some happiness. But not as much as many would suspect. Constructing a sort of happiness index that assigns 3 to "very happy", 2 to "pretty happy", and 1 to "not too happy", the two reckon that an extra dollar provides 0.00000409 in additional happiness. Or $10,000 would give you 0.04 units of extra happiness.

　　7.額外的金錢(qián)的確可以買(mǎi)到某種幸福。但是并不像許多人料想的那么多。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一種幸福指數(shù)：3表示“非常幸�！保�2表示“相當(dāng)幸�！保�1表示“不太幸�！�。他們倆由此估算出，每額外增加1美元，幸福就會(huì)增值 0.00000409�；蛘哒f(shuō)1萬(wàn)美元可以使你的幸福增值0.04個(gè)單位。

　　8.The two economists, using this index, assign a dollar value to other factors associated with more or less happiness.

　　8、這兩位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家用這種指數(shù)以美元為單位對(duì)與大大小小的幸福相關(guān)的其他因素進(jìn)行了估價(jià)。

　　9.Using that index, a lasting marriage is worth $100,000 per year compared with being widowed or divorced. Being "separated" is the greatest depressant of happiness, followed closely by the death of a spouse.

　　9、采用這種指標(biāo)可以看出，與鰥寡或離異相比，持久的婚姻每年價(jià)值10萬(wàn)美元�！芭c配偶分居”是對(duì)幸福大的抑制劑，緊隨其后的是喪偶。

　　10.Second and subsequent marriages are less happy than first marriages on average.

　　10、一般來(lái)說(shuō)，第二次婚姻和以后的再婚都不如第婚姻幸福。

　　11.A 16-year-old whose parents divorced has a lower level of well-being in adulthood.

　　11、一個(gè)雙親離異的16歲孩子在長(zhǎng)大成人之后擁有較低程度的幸福。

　　12. "Marriage is believed by psychologists and psychiatrists to provide a protective effect to mental well-being," the authors note.

　　12、這兩位作者指出：“心理學(xué)家和精神病學(xué)家認(rèn)為婚姻是對(duì)精神健康的一種保障�！�

　　13.Blanchflower suspects the decline in the happiness level of Americans from the early 1970s to the late 1990s, despite rising incomes, may be attributed to the rise in divorce.

　　13、布蘭奇弗勞爾認(rèn)為，盡管從1970年代初期到1990年代末期美國(guó)人的收入增加了，但是他們的幸福程度卻降低了，這或許應(yīng)歸罪于離婚率的升髙。

　　14.Other findings include:

　　14、其他的發(fā)現(xiàn)包括：

　　15. To bring African-Americans up to average happiness levels, they would need an extra $ 30,000 in annual income.

　　15、要使非洲裔美國(guó)人的幸福程度上升到平均水平，他們的年收入還需要增加3萬(wàn)美元。

　　16. This, the authors speculate, may be the impact of racial discrimination. Over the past few decades, however, their happiness level has risen. "Blacks have made up some ground," they say.

　　16、這兩位作者認(rèn)為，這種較低的幸福程度可能是種族歧視的結(jié)果。然而， 在過(guò)去的幾十年中，他們的幸福程度已經(jīng)上升了。兩位作者說(shuō):“黑人已經(jīng)取 得了一些進(jìn)展�！�

　　17.Unemployment is highly damaging to men's happiness. It would take $ 60,000 a year to offset being jobless.

　　17、失業(yè)對(duì)男人的幸福損傷極大。要補(bǔ)償這種無(wú)業(yè)狀況一年需要6萬(wàn)美元。

　　18. 'Men's happiness has trended up. Women's sense of well-being, though higher than that of men, has fallen "noticeably". Policies aimed at ending discrimination against women apparently have not boosted their happiness overall.

　　18、男人的幸福程度越來(lái)越高了。女人的幸福感雖然比男人的要高一些,但已有“明顯”下降。那些旨在消除女性歧視的政策顯然還未從總體上提高她們的幸福程度。

　　19.The educated tend to be happier than those less educated, even when separated from the higher income that often accompanies greater education.

　　19、受教育多的人趨于比受教育少的人更幸福，即使在拿不到高嶄時(shí)也如此，雖然高薪常常與高學(xué)歷相關(guān)。

　　20.Happiness and life satisfaction are U-shaped according to age. In the United States, people's sense of well-being sinks to a low around 40 and then rises.

　　20、幸福程度與對(duì)生活的滿(mǎn)意程度隨著年齡的增加而呈U形曲線(xiàn)。在 美國(guó)，人們的幸福感在40歲左右降至低谷，然后又開(kāi)始上升。

　　21.Perhaps, the authors suggest, people adapt to their circumstances, relinquish some unfulfilled aspirations by the middle of their lives, and enjoy life more.

　　21、這兩位作者建議人們也許應(yīng)該適應(yīng)環(huán)境，到中年時(shí)放棄一些仍未實(shí)現(xiàn) 的抱負(fù)，從而充分地享受人生。

　　22.Being religious has a positive effect.

　　22、宗教信仰對(duì)人有積極影響。

　　23.Overall the number of children and siblings a person has doesn't have an impact on their happiness. But for those under 30, happiness decreases proportionately to the number of both children and siblings. Blanchflower and Mr. Oswald found it in a separate study,"The Rising Well-Being of the Young".

　　23、總體上來(lái)講，一個(gè)人所擁有的孩子和兄弟姐妹的數(shù)量對(duì)他們的幸福并沒(méi)有影響。但是，布蘭奇弗勞爾和奧斯瓦爾德先生在另一項(xiàng)名為“年輕人日益增高的幸福感”的課題研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)于那些30歲以下的人來(lái)說(shuō)，幸福感會(huì)因孩子和兄弟姊妹的增多而成比例地下降。

　　24.Blanchard suspects this has to do with the stress associated with having lots of kids.

　　24、布蘭徹德認(rèn)為這必定是由于孩子多而壓力增大的緣故。

　　25.Surveys in Britain give "noticeably similar results" to those in the US. But people's level of satisfaction has remained about the same from the early 1970s to the late 1990s.

　　25、在英國(guó)的調(diào)查得出了與在美國(guó)的調(diào)查“明顯相似的結(jié)果”。但是，從20世紀(jì)70年代初到90年代末，人們的滿(mǎn)意程度幾乎一直沒(méi)有變化。