The Definition of "Price"
“價(jià)格”的定義
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services.
價(jià)格決定資源的使用方式。價(jià)格也是供給有限的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)在買方中的配給手段。 美國(guó)的價(jià)格系統(tǒng)是復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中一切產(chǎn)品買賣的價(jià)格，也包括無(wú)數(shù)的服務(wù)，諸如勞動(dòng)力、專業(yè)人員、交通運(yùn)輸、公共事業(yè)等服務(wù)的價(jià)格。
The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
所有這些價(jià)格的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系構(gòu)成了價(jià)格系統(tǒng)。任何一種特定產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的價(jià)格都與這個(gè)龐大而復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)密切相關(guān)，而且似乎或多或少地取決于系統(tǒng)中其它成份。
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction.
如果隨機(jī)挑選一群人，問問他們?nèi)绾味x"價(jià)格"，許多人會(huì)回答價(jià)格就是根據(jù)賣方提供的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)，買方向其付出的錢數(shù)。換句話說，價(jià)格就是市場(chǎng)交易中約定的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的貨幣價(jià)值。
This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.
當(dāng)然，該定義就其本身來說自有其道理。 但要獲得對(duì)價(jià)格在任何一樁交易中的完整認(rèn)識(shí)，就必須認(rèn)識(shí)到價(jià)格不僅僅是涉及到的貨幣數(shù)量。買賣雙方不僅要清楚交易中的貨幣數(shù)量，而且要非常熟悉交易物的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量，交易的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，付款形式，信用條件和折扣，對(duì)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的質(zhì)量保證、交貨條款、退賠權(quán)利等等因素。
In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
也就是說，買賣雙方必須通曉構(gòu)成交易物價(jià)格的通盤細(xì)節(jié)以便于評(píng)估報(bào)價(jià)。
【長(zhǎng)難句講解】
本期的內(nèi)容大部分都是長(zhǎng)難句，背誦起來可能會(huì)些吃力，小編在這里舉兩個(gè)例子，希望大家能夠?qū)W習(xí)分析長(zhǎng)難句的方法，把一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子拆分了，再理解記憶，這樣會(huì)有助于背誦。
1、The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services.
此句的主干部分是Price system is a complex network.后面的部分從整體上來看是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，which is composed of the prices of …… as well as ……，products和services是并列成分。這兩者，分別由bought and sold in the economy和including……補(bǔ)充。
2、Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.
這句話看似很長(zhǎng)，其實(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)并不難。句子主干部分就是buyer and seller should be familiar with……。只是句子的賓語(yǔ)部分很長(zhǎng)，用not only……, but……連接起來，強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)氣上有遞進(jìn)，但內(nèi)容都是“需要熟知通曉”的，包括貨幣數(shù)量、產(chǎn)品服務(wù)的數(shù)量質(zhì)量、交易時(shí)間地點(diǎn)……等等。
“價(jià)格”的定義
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services.
價(jià)格決定資源的使用方式。價(jià)格也是供給有限的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)在買方中的配給手段。 美國(guó)的價(jià)格系統(tǒng)是復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中一切產(chǎn)品買賣的價(jià)格，也包括無(wú)數(shù)的服務(wù)，諸如勞動(dòng)力、專業(yè)人員、交通運(yùn)輸、公共事業(yè)等服務(wù)的價(jià)格。
The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system” of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
所有這些價(jià)格的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系構(gòu)成了價(jià)格系統(tǒng)。任何一種特定產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的價(jià)格都與這個(gè)龐大而復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)密切相關(guān)，而且似乎或多或少地取決于系統(tǒng)中其它成份。
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction.
如果隨機(jī)挑選一群人，問問他們?nèi)绾味x"價(jià)格"，許多人會(huì)回答價(jià)格就是根據(jù)賣方提供的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)，買方向其付出的錢數(shù)。換句話說，價(jià)格就是市場(chǎng)交易中約定的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的貨幣價(jià)值。
This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.
當(dāng)然，該定義就其本身來說自有其道理。 但要獲得對(duì)價(jià)格在任何一樁交易中的完整認(rèn)識(shí)，就必須認(rèn)識(shí)到價(jià)格不僅僅是涉及到的貨幣數(shù)量。買賣雙方不僅要清楚交易中的貨幣數(shù)量，而且要非常熟悉交易物的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量，交易的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，付款形式，信用條件和折扣，對(duì)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的質(zhì)量保證、交貨條款、退賠權(quán)利等等因素。
In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
也就是說，買賣雙方必須通曉構(gòu)成交易物價(jià)格的通盤細(xì)節(jié)以便于評(píng)估報(bào)價(jià)。
【長(zhǎng)難句講解】
本期的內(nèi)容大部分都是長(zhǎng)難句，背誦起來可能會(huì)些吃力，小編在這里舉兩個(gè)例子，希望大家能夠?qū)W習(xí)分析長(zhǎng)難句的方法，把一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子拆分了，再理解記憶，這樣會(huì)有助于背誦。
1、The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services.
此句的主干部分是Price system is a complex network.后面的部分從整體上來看是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，which is composed of the prices of …… as well as ……，products和services是并列成分。這兩者，分別由bought and sold in the economy和including……補(bǔ)充。
2、Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.
這句話看似很長(zhǎng)，其實(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)并不難。句子主干部分就是buyer and seller should be familiar with……。只是句子的賓語(yǔ)部分很長(zhǎng)，用not only……, but……連接起來，強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)氣上有遞進(jìn)，但內(nèi)容都是“需要熟知通曉”的，包括貨幣數(shù)量、產(chǎn)品服務(wù)的數(shù)量質(zhì)量、交易時(shí)間地點(diǎn)……等等。
