1 Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson's, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.

　　2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including agin g and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.

　　3 'rremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson's disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills ( dementia).

　　4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.

　　1. Paragraph I_____________ .

　　2. Paragraph 2 _____________.

　　3. Paragraph 3_____________ .

　　4. Paragraph 4 _____________.

　　A. Tips for Patients with the Disease

　　B. Common Treatment for the Disease

　　C. Means of Diagnosis of the Disease

　　D. Typical Symptoms of the Disease

　　E. Possible Causes of the Disease

　　F. Definition of Parkinson's Disease

　　5. You'II find it hard to move the way you want to_____________ .

　　6. A lot of research is being done to find ou_____________t .

　　7. One of the most common signs of Parkinson's is tremor_____________.

　　8. A person with Parkinson's has to learn to live with the disease,_____________.

　　A. if there isn't enough dopamine m your body

　　B. what affects muscles all through your body

　　C. which cannot be cured yet

　　D. if you have a fixed or blank expression

　　E. which may be the first symptom you notice

　　F. what causes Parkinson's disease
　參考答案及譯文：

　帕金森氏綜合征

　　帕金森氏綜合征會影響你行動的方式。當大腦的某些神經(jīng)細胞出現(xiàn)問題時，這種疾病就會爆發(fā)。正常情況下，這些神經(jīng)細胞會產(chǎn)生一種叫多巴胺的重要的化學物質。多巴胺會向你的大腦中控制行為的部分發(fā)出信號。它使你的肌肉能活動自如，做你想做的事。一旦你患上帕金森氏綜合征，這些神經(jīng)細胞就會出問題。接著，你不再有足夠的多巴胺，并開始行動困難。

　　沒人知道什么促使這些神經(jīng)細胞出現(xiàn)問題。但是，科學家們做了很多研究來尋找答案。

　　他們研究了很多可能的病因，包括年齡老化和環(huán)境污染。在某些人身上，似乎是不正常的基因導致了帕金森氏綜合征的發(fā)病。但是目前沒有足夠的證據(jù)表明它是遺傳的。

　　顫抖可能是你注意到的第一個癥狀。雖然并不是每一位患者都有這種癥狀，但是它是這種疾病最常見的表現(xiàn)之一。更重要的是，并不是每一個顫抖的人都患有帕金森氏綜合征。顫抖往往從一條胳膊，一條腿或身體的一側開始。這種情況在你醒著但是沒有移動受影響的胳膊或者腿時更嚴重些。但是當你移動肢體或睡眠時情況會有所緩和。不久，帕金森氏綜合征會影響你的全身肌肉，導致吞咽困難及便秘。在疾病后期，患這種病的人可能會有表情僵化，言語困難及其他一些問題。一些患者也會思維退化。

　　現(xiàn)在還沒有辦法治愈帕金森氏綜合征。但是有幾種藥物能控制癥狀并讓患者好受些。如果你的癥狀很輕微的話，你可能根本不需要治療。直到你的癥狀影響到你的日常生活方式時，醫(yī)生才會給你開藥。伴隨著你的癥狀的惡化，醫(yī)生將會調整用藥。為了得到的療效你得吃幾種藥

　　1.F[解析]第一段的大意即：什么是帕金森綜合征?因此選F。

　　2.E [解析]第二段的大意即：什么原因導致帕金森癥?因此選E。

　　3.D [解析]第三段的大意即：帕金森綜合征的典型癥狀是什么?因此選D。

　　4.B[解析]第四段的大意即：如何治療帕金森癥?因此選B。

　　5.A [解析]如果你的體內沒有足夠多的多巴胺，那么你會發(fā)現(xiàn)活動起來有困難。根據(jù)第一段最后一句：Then you no longer have enough dopamine，and you have trouble moving the way you want to.因此選A。

　　6.F[解析]人們正在進行大量的研究來發(fā)現(xiàn)導致帕金森綜合征的原因。根據(jù)第二段前三句話及后面提到的aging，poisons in environment等可推斷應選F。

　　7.E[解析]帕金森癥最主要的一個癥狀就是顫抖，顫抖也可能是你注意到的最初癥狀。根據(jù)是第三段的第一句話：Tremor may be the first symptom you notice.可知E正確。

　　8.C [解析]得了帕金森癥的病人必須要學會適應這種疾病，因為這還是一種不治之癥。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句：At this time，there is no cure for Parkinson's disease.可知應選C。