1. Backpacks(背包) are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don’t mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.
2. Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia(費城[美國賓夕法尼亞州東南部港市]) and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole(美國馬薩諸塞州的一個漁村，也是許多重要研究機構(gòu)所在地), Mass(Massachusetts 的縮寫：馬薩諸塞州，美國東北部的一個州)
)have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search-and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS)(全球定位系統(tǒng)) receivers(接收機), night-vision goggles(夜視鏡), and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work.. The backpack’s electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer’s load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science6.
3. The backpack’s electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer’s back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical(垂直的) movements of the pack to rotary (旋轉(zhuǎn)的)motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts(瓦(特)).
4. Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits(步態(tài)，步法) in response to the pack’s oscillations(擺動) so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize(商業(yè)化) both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.
5. The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers(登山運動員), and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!
Questions:
1. Backpacks are convenient because___________.
A) They can be very large
B) They can hold as many things as you want to carry.
C) Your hands are freed to do other things.
D) You do not have to carry things with you.
2. What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues?
A) It produces electricity for electronic devices while the wearer walks.
B) It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.
C) It is small and convenient.
D) It is light and easy to carry.
3. The word “springs” in Paragraph 3 means ____________.
A) a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earth.
B) the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer.
C) the act or an instance of jumping or leaping.
D) a length of metal wound around, which returns to its original shape after being pushed.
4. According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do?
A) To make the backpack more comfortable for the wearer.
B) To put the backpack on the market.
C) To test the advantage of the backpack.
D) To promote the backpack in a newspaper or on television.
5. What is implied in “if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!”
A) You will be too excited to watch the traffic.
B) Enjoying electronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.
C) It is not possible for you to get such a backpack.
D) It is wise of you to have such a backpack.
文章詳解：
1. 首先解讀標(biāo)題：Electric(這是理工類閱讀中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的單詞，因此含義要記�。弘娮拥�)Backpack(合成詞：back是后背的意思，pack是包、包裹的意思，因此backpack就是背包。)背包是大家日常生活中很熟悉的東西，但電子背包沒聽說過。帶著一份好奇，通讀一遍原文，大致了解，電子書包除了大家知道的普通功能之外，科學(xué)家還打算讓它具有更多更新的功能。雖然現(xiàn)在市場上還買不到，但總有一天會走進我們的生活，為我們帶來更多便利的。
2.接下來，在正式看文章每句話之前，先瀏覽所設(shè)置的問題，這樣一方面可以更清楚地了解文章的脈絡(luò)，另一方面一會兒精讀時，也比較容易在相關(guān)段落找到答案。通過看五個問題，我們知道，它們的答案就出現(xiàn)在文章相應(yīng)的五個段落里，而且以細節(jié)題居多。所以，我們就看一題，針對性地精讀一段。先看問題1：
1. Backpacks are convenient because___________.
A) They can be very large他們能夠非常大
B) They can hold as many things as you want to carry.你想帶多少東西，背包就能裝多少東西
C) Your hands are freed to do other things.你的雙手能夠被解放出來干其它事情
D) You do not have to carry things with you. 你不用隨身攜帶東西了。
題目的意思是：背包很方便，是因為。。。。標(biāo)準的細節(jié)題形式：
文章一開頭，就提到Backpacks(背包) are convenient.所以，我們一起把第一段讀完：They can hold(裝) your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes(換洗衣服), leaving (留著)your hands free (自由的、空閑的)to do other things. Someday(有朝一日), if(如果) you don’t mind carrying (介意做某事，一般用mind doing sth)a heavy load(很重的東西), your backpacks might also power(動詞，給。。。提供電能) your MP3 player(MP3播放機), keep(使) your cell phone (手機)running(運行、運轉(zhuǎn)), and maybe even light(照亮) your way home(你回家的路).
看到這里，問題應(yīng)該有答案了，就是因為C。而其它三個答案，根本就沒出現(xiàn)在段落里。
3.看第二題：
2. What is the most important feature (特點、特征)of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues(過去分詞短語做定語，被。。。所發(fā)明的背包)?
A) It produces electricity for electronic devices(設(shè)施) while the wearer walks.
當(dāng)背著它的人在行走時，它能為電子設(shè)施產(chǎn)生電流。
B) It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.
在軍事行動中或在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究中，它能被用作手機電話、全球定位系統(tǒng)。
C) It is small and convenient. 它又小又方便。
D) It is light and easy to carry. 它輕而且容易攜帶。
題目的意思：由Lawrence和他的同事所發(fā)明的背包最重要的特征是什么?這是一道細節(jié)題。一起讀第二段：
Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues(同事們) from(來自于) the University of Pennsylvania(賓西法尼亞大學(xué)) in Philadelphia(費城[美國賓夕法尼亞州東南部港市]) and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole(美國馬薩諸塞州的一個漁村，也是許多重要研究機構(gòu)所在地), Mass(Massachusetts 的縮寫：馬薩諸塞州，美國東北部的一個州。)have invented(發(fā)明) a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced(定語從句，意思是：背包能夠通過被產(chǎn)生的能量而發(fā)電) while its wearer walks. In military actions(在軍事行動中), search-and-rescue(搜救) operations(行動), and scientific field studies(科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究), people increasingly(越來越)rely on (依賴)cell phones, global positioning system (GPS)(全球定位系統(tǒng)) receivers(接收機), night-vision goggles(夜視鏡), and other(其它的) battery-powered(以電池為動力的) devices(設(shè)施) to get around(四處活動) and do their work.. The backpack’s electricity-generating(發(fā)電的，復(fù)合形容詞，來自于：generate electricity) feature could dramatically(極大地， 同義詞：greatly) reduce(減少) the amount (數(shù)量)of a wearer’s load(負重、重量) now devoted to(過去分詞短語做定語，修飾load，表示被用于。。。) spare batteries(備用電池)(這句話的意思是：背包的發(fā)電的特征能夠大大地減少過去用于攜帶備用電池所增加的重量), report(報告) Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science(科學(xué)雜志，是國際上的自然科學(xué)綜合類學(xué)術(shù)期刊，當(dāng)年愛因斯坦的相對論就發(fā)表其上。).
通過對這一段的學(xué)習(xí)，我們知道了這種背包最重要的特性就是：當(dāng)背上它的人一邊走就會一邊產(chǎn)生電能。所以答案為A。
4.讓我們繼續(xù)看第三題：
3. The word “springs” in Paragraph 3 means ____________.
A) a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earth.一小股自然流淌的水流(泉水)
B) the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer.一年中的一個季節(jié)，介于冬季和夏季之間(春天)
C) the act or an instance of jumping or leaping. 突然跳起來(蹦)
D) a length of metal wound around, which returns to its original shape after being pushed. 來回繞的一段金屬，在被擠壓后能回復(fù)它的原形(彈簧)
這種題型屬于曾經(jīng)介紹過的單詞釋義題，通常所面對的詞匯是多義詞，但要通過它出現(xiàn)的上下文，猜測出它的含義。Spring當(dāng)動詞時，意思是蹦、躍起;當(dāng)名詞講，是泉水、彈簧、發(fā)條、春天等。讓我們看看文章里含有該詞的句子：
The backpack’s electricity-creating(產(chǎn)生的) powers (能量)depend on springs used(被用來) to hang(掛) a cloth pack(布包) from its metal frame(金屬框架).
所以，可以推斷spring只能當(dāng)彈簧講，因此答案是D。
The frame sits(擱、放) against (倚、靠)the wearer’s back, and the whole pack(包) moves up and down(上下移動) as(當(dāng)) the person walks. A gear ()mechanism(機械裝置) converts(轉(zhuǎn)化) vertical(垂直的) movements of the pack to rotary (旋轉(zhuǎn)的)motions(運動) of an electrical generator(電子發(fā)電機), producing up to(多達) 7.4 watts(瓦，電功率單位).
5.第四題：
4. According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do?
A) To make the backpack more comfortable for the wearer.為了使背包對于背的人來說更舒適
B) To put the backpack on the market. 為了把背包推向市場
C) To test the advantage of the backpack. 為了檢測背包的優(yōu)點
D) To promote the backpack in a newspaper or on television.為了在報紙上或電視上促銷背包。
題目的意思是;根據(jù)第四段，羅馬計劃要做什么?又是細節(jié)題。
Unexpectedly(出人意料的是), tests (實驗)showed that wearers of the new backpack alter(同義詞change, 改變)their gaits(步態(tài)，步法) in response to(響應(yīng)、配合)the pack’s oscillations(擺動) so that (引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，表示“為了”)they carry(攜帶) loads(重物、重量) more comfortably and with less effort(更少的力量) than they do ordinary(普通的) backpacks. Because of that surprising(令人吃驚的) advantage(優(yōu)點、優(yōu)勢), Rome plans(動詞，計劃) to commercialize(使。。。商業(yè)化) both electric(電子的) and non-electric(非電子的) versions (種類)of the backpack.
最后一句是答案的出處，即Rome計劃將這種背包商業(yè)化，即，推向市場。
所以，答案是B。
6.看最后一個問題：
5. What is implied in “if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!”
A) You will be too excited to watch the traffic. 你會太興奮以至于不注意來往車輛。
B) Enjoying electronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.
一邊走一邊享受電子設(shè)施有可能會導(dǎo)致意外。
C) It is not possible for you to get such a backpack.你不可能得到這樣一個背包。
D) It is wise of you to have such a backpack. 擁有這樣一個背包對你來說是明智的。
題目的意思是：“如果你終于得到這樣的背包，過馬路時一定要兩面都看看。”這句話根據(jù)提問方式是推理題：即，根據(jù)文章已有的信息或文章的含義進行歸納和總結(jié);或推斷文章的引申、暗示的含義;
我們一起看最后一段：
The backpack could be especially(尤其) useful(有用的) for soldiers(士兵), scientists, mountaineers(登山運動員), and emergency workers (對緊急情況進行處理的工作人員)who typically(特別地、獨特地) carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us(對于我們其余人而言), power-generating backpacks could make it (形式賓語)possible to walk, play video games(玩游戲), watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time(同時間進行). Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market (還沒有出現(xiàn)在市場上)yet, but 5>.if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!
我們也知道，凡事既有利又有弊。通過讀這篇文章，我們知道電子背包有很多的優(yōu)點，但當(dāng)我們一邊走路，一邊玩著游戲、聽著音樂、看著電視，就有可能會導(dǎo)致交通意外的發(fā)生。所以答案就是B。
