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A Bad Idea
Think you can walk, drive, take phone calls, e-mail and listen to music at the same time? Well,New York's new law says you can't. 46 The law went into force last month, followingresearch and a shocking number of accidents that involved people using electronic gadgets (機(jī)械裝置) when crossing the street.
Who's to blame? 47 "We are under the impression that our brain can do more than it
often can," says Rene Marois, a neuroscientist (神經(jīng)科學(xué)家)in Tennessee. "But a core limitation isthe inability to concentrate on two things at once".
The young people are often considered the great multi-taskers. 48 A group of 18-to21-year-olds and a group of 35-to 39-year-olds were given 90 seconds to translate images intonumbers, using a simple code. 49 But when both groups were interrupted by a phone call oran instant message, the older group matched the younger group in speed and accuracy.
It is difficult to measure the productivity lost by multi-taskers. But it is probably a lot. JonathanSpire, chief analyst at Basex, a business-research firm, estimates the cost of interruptions to theAmerican economy at nearly $650 billion a year. 50 The surveys conclude that 28 percent of theworkers' time was spent on interruptions and recovery time before they returned to their main tasks.
A. And you'll be fined $100 if you do so on a New York City street.
B. Talking on a cell-phone while driving brings you joy anyway.
C. The estimate is based on surveys with office workers.
D. The younger group did 10 percent better when not interrupted.
E. However, Oxford University research suggests this perception is open to question.
F. Scientists say that our multi-tasking (多任務(wù)處理) abilities are limited.
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文
46.A�？瞻滋幍那耙痪渲v美國法律不允許你在走路、開車、打電話或是發(fā)郵件的時(shí)候聽音樂。而空白處后一句講這個(gè)法律是上月生效的。因此A選項(xiàng)(如果在紐約街頭這樣做的話，你會被罰款100美元)符合語境，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。
47.F�？瞻滋幍那耙痪鋯栐撠�(zé)備誰呢，空白處后一句講“我們現(xiàn)在的印象是我們的大腦能做的事情比平時(shí)多”。因此F選項(xiàng)(科學(xué)家說多任務(wù)處理的能力是很有限的)正確。
48.E�？瞻滋幍那耙痪渲v年輕人通常被認(rèn)為能夠進(jìn)行多任務(wù)處理�？瞻滋幍暮笠痪渲v述了一個(gè)年齡在18——21歲的組和一個(gè)年齡在35——39歲的組分別給予90秒鐘的時(shí)間，運(yùn)用一種簡單的解碼將圖片轉(zhuǎn)化成數(shù)字。因此E(但是，哈佛大學(xué)的研究認(rèn)為這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是有問題的)為正確選項(xiàng)。
49.D�？瞻滋幍那耙痪渲v一個(gè)年齡在18——21歲的組和一個(gè)年齡在35——39歲的組分別給予90秒鐘的時(shí)間運(yùn)用一種簡單的解碼將圖片轉(zhuǎn)化成數(shù)字�？瞻滋幍暮笠痪渲v，當(dāng)兩個(gè)組被一個(gè)電話或短信打斷時(shí)，兩組的反應(yīng)速度和準(zhǔn)確率還是相當(dāng)?shù)摹Ｒ虼薉選項(xiàng)(年輕那組在不被打斷的情況下能做到多10%的業(yè)績)符合語境，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。
50.C�？瞻滋幥耙痪渲饕vJonathan Spire估計(jì)因?yàn)楸淮驍喽鴮γ绹?jīng)濟(jì)造成的損失為每年將近6500億美元�？瞻滋幒笠痪渲v這個(gè)調(diào)查認(rèn)為工人工作時(shí)間的28%用在被打斷和恢復(fù)工作上。所以選項(xiàng)C(這個(gè)估算是根據(jù)辦公室人員的調(diào)查得來的)為正確選項(xiàng)。
