A.attract
B.terrify
C.tempt
D.excite
2.The article sketched the major events of the decade.
A.described
B.offered
C.outlined
D.presented
3.I won't tolerate that kind of behavior.
A.bear
B.accept
C.admit
D.take
4.Their style o playing football is utterly different.
A.barely
B.scarcely
C.hardly
D.totally
5.Her sister urged herto apply for the job.
A.advised
B.caused
C.forced
D.promised
答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A Electromagnetic Energy
1 White light seems to be a combination of all colors.The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see.Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light.On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool.Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.
2 The sun is 93 million miles from the earth.Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.
3 Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy.Radio,television,and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low energy electromagnetic waves.Infrared(紅外線的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave.When it is absorbed by matter,heat is produced.Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio,television,or radar.Ultraviolet rays(紫外線) and X rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy.Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings.Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living.Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms.X rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects.They can be used to detect and treat cancer.X rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal,and in medicine to reveal broken bones.
4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy.The source of most of our energy is the sun.Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate.When the water falls to the earth as rain,some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators.Other generators are powered by coal,but the energy stored in coal came from the sun,too.
5 Until recently,the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle.If the sun depended on chemical reactions,it would have used up all its energy long ago.Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy.About forty years after the theory was proposed,nuclear energy was harnessed(利用) by man.Chemical energy comes from electron(電子) rearrangement.Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom.Compared with chemical reactions,nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel.We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium(氦).
6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity.It is also being used to operate engines in large ships.Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.
23. Paragraph 3
24. Paragraph 4
25. Paragraph 5
26. Paragraph 6
A. The Most Important Source of Energy
B. Types of Electromagnetic Energy
C. The Machines Used for Energy Generation
D. Seeking New Sources of Energy
E.The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine
F.Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun's Energy
27. One can get a sunburn even .
28. Infrared radiation can produce heat .
29. X rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer .
30. Chemical energy is generated .
A. when it is cloudy
B. because they can pass through solid objects
C. when the sun rays are fierce
D. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place
E. when electron rearrangement takes place
F. when it is absorbed by matter
答案：23. B 24. A2 5. F 26. D 27. A 28. F 29. B 30. EEruptions of Mount Saint Helens
On March 27,the U.S. Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens.They telephoned all states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time.Roads were closed to everyone except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain.
Shortly after noon on March 27,Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years.People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows,and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2 100 meters into the sky.
Later,scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater(大坑) in the top of the mountain,not far from the old crater.The north side of the peak now had a huge bulge(凸出部分) where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption. A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28.It,too,sent up a column of black ash high into the sky.By March 29,scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one.Strange blue flames flickered(閃爍) inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other. By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the northslope of the peak was black with ash.Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens.
During the first week of April,Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about harmonic tremors(震動(dòng)) recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen.All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder(震 動(dòng)) and shoot out ash.By April 8,the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep.
Scientists' main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on thenorth face of the mountain.By May 7 scientists feared the worst.Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain.The inner “red ” zone was open to scientists only.The outer “blue” zone was open only to people who got special permits.But in spite of these warnings,some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.
16. American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Pilots flying at the height of more than 2 100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. A new crater,which was to the south of the old one,was formed after the second eruption.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：16. A 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C Mobile Phones:Are They about to Transform Our Lives?
We love them so much that some of us sleep with them under the pillow,yet we are increasingly concerned that we cannot escape their electronic reach.We use them to convey our most intimate secrets,yet we worry that they are a threat to our privacy.We rely on them more than the lnternet to cope with modern life,yet many of us don't believe advertisements saying we need more advanced services.
Sweeping aside the doubts that many people feel about the benefits of new third generation phones and fears over the health effects of phone masts(天線竿),a recent report clains that the long-term effects of new mobile technologies will be entirely positive so long as the public can be convinced to make use of them.Research about users of mobile phones reveals that the mobile has already moved beyond being a mere practical communications tool to become the backbone (支柱)of modern social life,from love affairs to friendship to work.One female teacher,32,told the researchers:"I love my phone.It's my friend."
The close relationship between user and phone is most pronounced among teenagers,the report says,who regard their mobiles as an expression of their identity.This is partly because mobiles are seen as being beyond the control of parents.But the researchers suggest that another reason may be that mobiles,especially taxt messaging,are seen as a way of overcoming shyness."Texting is often used for apologies,to excuse lateness or to communicate other things that make us uncomfortable,"the report says,The impact of phones,however,has been local rather than global,supporting existing friendships and networks,rather than opening users to a new broader community.Even the language of texting in one area can be incomprehensible to anybody from another area.
Among the most important benefits of using mobile phones,the report claims,will be a vastly improved mobile infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施),providing gains throughout the economy,and the provision of a more sophisticated location-based services for users.The report calls on govemment to put more effort into the delivery of services by bobile phone,with suggestions including public transport and traffic information and doctors' text messages to remind patients of appointments."I love that idea,"one user said in an interview."It would mean I wouldn't have to write a hundred messages to myself."
There are many other possibilities.At a recent trade fair in Sweden,a mobile navigation product was launched.When the user enters a destination,a route is automatically downloaded to their mobile and presented by voice,pictures and maps as they drive.In future,these devices will also be able to plan around congestion(交 通堵塞)and road works in real time.Third generation phones will also allow for remote monitoring of patients by doctors.In Britain scientists are developing a asthma(哮 喘)management solution,using mobiles to detect early signs of an attack.
41.What does the writer suggest in the first paragraph about our attitudes to mobilephones?
A.We can't live without them.
B.We are worried about using them so much.
C.We have contradictory feelings about them.
D.We need them more than anything else to deal with modem life.
42.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Modern social life relies significantly on the use of mobile phones.
B.Mobile phones make romantic communication more difficult.
C.Mobile phones encourage people to make friends.
D.Mobile phones enable people of different countries to talk without translation.
43.Teenagers have a close relationship with their mobile phones partly because they
A.use text messages more than any other group.
B.are more likely to be late than older people.
C.tend to feel uncomfortable in many situations.
D.take mobile phones as an indication of independence from their parents.
44.It is suggested that mobile phones should be used to
A.give the address of the nearest hospital.
B.show bus and train timetables.
C.arrange delivery of mails.
D.cure diseases.
45.The navigation product launched in Sweden is helpful to drivers because it can
A.suggest the best route to get to a place.
B.download maps of the area.
C.tell them which roads are congested.
D.show them how to avoid road works.
答案：41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.A The World’s Longest Bridge
Rumor has it that1 a legendary six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily. 1
When completed in 2010, the world’s longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic — and stretch 5 kilomerers long. “that’s nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built,” says structural engineer Shane Rixon. 2
They’re suspension bridges, massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges. A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure’s mammothweight, thanks to hefty supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge. The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,00-ton towers, which will support most of the bridge’s load. The beefy cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built. When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. 3
Getting these cables up will be something2. It’s not just their length — totally 5.3 kilometers — but their weight. 4
After lowering vertical “suspender” cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60meter-wide 54,630-ton steel roadway, or deck — wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic. The deck’s weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons — equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. 5
A Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B What do the world’s longest bridges have in common?
C If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping (呼嘯而過(guò)) across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D They’re what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons — more than-half the bridge’ s total mass.
答案與題解：
1. C 選項(xiàng) C 中有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞 beast，與第一句的 monster 相呼應(yīng)。所以， C 是正確答 案。
2. B 第二段第二句的主語(yǔ)是 They。由于表語(yǔ)是 suspension bridges，They 替代的一 定是前面句子出現(xiàn)過(guò)的 bridges。六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有 B 含有 bridges。填在第三段段首， 意思連貫。
3. E“空 3”前面的句子有 the first job 這幾個(gè)詞。有 first，必有 second/then。 六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有 E 含有 The second job。所以，E 是答案。
4. F “空 4”前面的句子說(shuō)的是，把這些吊索吊高定位是有難度的，不僅僅由于它們 很長(zhǎng)，還由于它們很重。 F 具體地介紹了它們的重量，應(yīng)該是“空 4”前面的句子的后續(xù) 句。
5. D “空 5”前面的句子說(shuō)的是，橋樁很重要。為什么很重要呢? D 解釋了橋樁的作 用，意義連貫，所以是答案�！valanche and Its Safety
An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are 1 the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.
All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope 2 supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is 3 an avalanche, 4 a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.
Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low 5 of avalanche. Snow does not 6 significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not 7 easily on fiat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow's angle of rest1 is 8 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb2 is: A slope that is 9 enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally3, avalanche risk increases with 10 ; that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.
Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous 11 , including route selection and examination to the snowpack, weather 12 , and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also 13 the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid 14 to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are 15 or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.
練習(xí):
1. A among B of C to D in
2. A when B that C who D whose
3. A mostly B likely C clearly D surely
4. A are B will be C is D was
5. A weight B form C risk D work
6. A fall B flow C roll D gather
7. A fall B flow C roll D gather
8. A among B between C with D for
9. A thick B thin C flat D rocky
10. A use B time C snow D rain
11. A journey B trip C fact D process
12. A conditions B reports C forecast D event
13. A increase B reduce C improve D remove
14. A price B effort C attention D money
15. A missing B grown C big D fresh
答案與題解：
1.A 表達(dá)“雪崩是山上可能發(fā)生的昀大危險(xiǎn)之一 ”的意思，因此應(yīng)該選擇 among(在…… 之中)。
2.B 從該句的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)看，此處需要一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞，代替 slope，所以 that 是昀 佳選擇。選項(xiàng) A、C、D 均不符合語(yǔ)法。
3.B 選項(xiàng) A 不符合語(yǔ)法， C 和 D 符合語(yǔ)法，但不符合常識(shí)：過(guò)度的雪的積壓可能導(dǎo)致 雪崩，而不是必定導(dǎo)致雪崩。所以， B 是昀佳答案。
4.C 該句的主語(yǔ)是 Determining the critical load，從上下文來(lái)看應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)，所以 C 是正確答案。
5.C 要確定本題答案的一個(gè)有效的方法是排除法。 a low weight/form work of avalanche 都不合邏輯，只有 a low risk of avalanche 符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解 釋了 low risk of avalanche 的道理，更證實(shí)了選 risk 是正確的。
6.D 第 6 和第 7 題可以一起考慮。整個(gè)句子的意思是：在坡度大的坡上，雪不會(huì)大量 堆積。在較為平坦的坡面，雪不會(huì)輕易滑動(dòng)。
7.B(見(jiàn) 6)
8.B 理解了句子的意思就不難判斷選項(xiàng)：雪在靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下，角度在 35——45 度之間，昀 可能發(fā)生人為觸發(fā)的雪崩。between：在……之間。
9.C 這個(gè)句子說(shuō)明的是什么樣的山坡昀易發(fā)生雪崩，即，A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski。flat 在此做 “平坦”解，與后面的 steep 形成 反義。
10.A 句中的 that is 表明，后半部分是對(duì)前半部分的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。所以，這里的選擇 要根據(jù)下文的意思判斷。use 是昀佳選擇，整個(gè)句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用的越多， 雪崩就越可能發(fā)生。
11.D 盡管選項(xiàng) A、B 和 D 都能和 continuous 搭配，從全段的內(nèi)容判斷，只有 process 是昀佳選擇，因?yàn)樵摱蚊鑼?xiě)的是如何防備雪崩，及如何做好安全措施等一系列問(wèn)題。
12.A 選項(xiàng) A、B、C 都可以與 weather 搭配，但是根據(jù)上下文，只有 A 昀為符合文章的 內(nèi)容。
13.B 選項(xiàng) A 不符合句子的意思; C 不能和 risk 搭配;D 也不符合句子的意思，因?yàn)椴?可能完全消除雪崩的隱患。
14.C 該句主句使用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞是 pay attention to 的被動(dòng)形式。選項(xiàng) A、B、D 均不符合句子的意思。
15.A 該句是作者給出的一系列忠告之一，即，認(rèn)真觀察地形，注意明顯的雪崩路徑， 沒(méi)有植物或植物被毀壞的地方。選項(xiàng) B、C、D 均不符合句義。
