August 1st, anniversary of the founding of the Chinese People's Liberation Army

每年的八月一日是中國(guó)人民解放軍建軍紀(jì)念日，因此也叫“八一”建軍節(jié)。

　　81 Day origins

　　April 12, 1927 and July 15, Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jingwei in Nanjing and Wuhan, to launch a "total clearance" operation, the CPC Central Committee held in Hankow interim meeting of the Politburo Standing Committee, decided to use hands and under the influence of the Communist Party of the National Revolutionary Armed Forces was held in Nanchang Uprising, and assigned as Zhou Enlai前敵Uprising Committee secretary of the leading organs.

　　July 27, Zhou Enlai was held in Nanchang there Zhu De, Liu, Yun Daiying, Peng Pai, Ye Ting, Rongzhen and organizations responsible for Jiangxi Province to participate in important meetings were set up for the staff to the head of Liu Bocheng, Zhou Enlai, Ye Ting , He Long was a member of the Staff Committee, under the rebel army headquarters from Helong any commander-in-chief commander-in-chief前敵Ren Ye Ting.

　　At 2 o'clock on August 1, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng all other command at the Nanchang Uprising of the military to attack the KMT forces, after more than four hours of fierce fighting, about 3,000 people annihilate , and seized about 5,000 firearms teams, made more than about 100 rounds of ammunition, artillery few doors, occupied the city of Nanchang. Earlier in the day, was held in Nanchang, the KMT Central Committee, in particular provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and overseas on behalf of the joint meeting of the party, adopted the "Declaration, member of the Central Committee", set up by the Soong Ching Ling, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De and other 25 were composed of the Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, adopted the "Declaration of 81 Uprising", etc., put forward a "Down with imperialism," "Down with the old and the new warlords," "the implementation of land to the tiller" and other slogans and platforms of the revolution. At the same time, the reorganization of the intifada forces, still used in the second front of the National Revolutionary Army designation, and in behalf of the commander-in-chief Helong. Due to a large number of troops to attack the enemy in Nanchang, the CPC Central Committee before the Committee decided in accordance with the schedule, the uprising force in the August 3-6 Nanchang has evacuated, the troops on the south, by way of Linchuan, Yihuang, Guangchang, went straight to Guangdong Chaozhou-Shantou area .

　　Uprising forces in Ruijin, Jiangxi, Huichang defeated the Kuomintang reactionary armed forces to intercept, and then after the Changting Fujian, and Guangdong Shanghang Oura, at the end of September occupied the Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang by main force to the west pit soup. Early in October, the West into the forces and the forces behind Chaoshan siege by the enemy advantage, most of the intifada forces to break up, part of Lufeng out to the sea, with local farmers to join militants; the other part by Zhu De, Chen Yi, led by South Jiangxi, northern Guangdong, southern Hunan turn, carried out guerrilla warfare. In January 1928 in southern Hunan and local party organizations with the cooperation of armed peasants, held in Yizhang "uprising the year." Advantage of the enemy because of the "Association destroy" the uprising of peasants armed forces and the withdrawal of Southern Hunan, in the same year arrived in April Jinggangshan led forces and the victory of Mao Zedong met to form the Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Chinese workers and peasants Fourth Army, later renamed the Red Army the first worker-peasant Si-Jun.

　　八一建軍節(jié)來歷

　　1927年4月12日和7月15日，蔣介石、汪精衛(wèi)先后在南京和武漢發(fā)動(dòng)“清共”行動(dòng)后，中共中央在漢口召開了臨時(shí)政治局常委會(huì)議，決定利用共產(chǎn)黨掌握和影響下的國(guó)民革命軍在南昌舉行起義，并指派周恩來為起義領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)關(guān)前敵委員會(huì)書記。

　　7月27日，周恩來在南昌召開了有朱德、劉伯承、惲代英、彭湃、葉挺、聶榮臻以及江西黨組織負(fù)責(zé)人參加的重要會(huì)議，成立了以劉伯承為參謀團(tuán)長(zhǎng)，周恩來、葉挺、賀龍為委員的參謀團(tuán)，下設(shè)起義軍總指揮部，由賀龍任總指揮，葉挺任前敵總指揮。

　　8月1日凌晨2時(shí)，周恩來、朱德、賀龍、葉挺、劉伯承等各指揮的各個(gè)起義軍向駐守南昌的國(guó)民黨軍隊(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻，經(jīng)過四個(gè)多小時(shí)的激戰(zhàn)，殲敵大概3000余人，繳獲槍支大概5000余支，子彈大概100萬余發(fā)，大炮數(shù)門，占領(lǐng)了南昌城。當(dāng)天上午，在南昌舉行了國(guó)民黨中央委員、各省區(qū)特別市和海外各黨部代表聯(lián)席會(huì)議，通過了《中央委員宣言》，成立了由宋慶齡、周恩來、賀龍、葉挺、朱德等25人組成的中國(guó)國(guó)民黨革命委員會(huì)，通過了《八一起義宣言》等文件，提出了“*帝國(guó)主義”、“*新舊軍閥”、“實(shí)行耕者有其田”等革命口號(hào)和政綱。同時(shí)對(duì)起義部隊(duì)進(jìn)行了整編，仍沿用國(guó)民革命軍第二方面軍番號(hào)，以賀龍兼代總指揮。因敵以重兵進(jìn)攻南昌，中共前委決定根據(jù)中共中央的預(yù)定計(jì)劃，起義部隊(duì)于8月3日至6日先后撤離南昌，揮師南下，取道臨川、宜黃、廣昌，直奔廣東潮汕地區(qū)。

　　起義部隊(duì)在江西瑞金、會(huì)昌打垮了國(guó)民黨反動(dòng)軍隊(duì)的堵截，然后經(jīng)過福建的長(zhǎng)汀、上杭和廣東的大浦，于9月下旬占領(lǐng)了潮州、汕頭，主力部隊(duì)經(jīng)揭陽向湯坑西進(jìn)。10月初，西進(jìn)部隊(duì)和留守潮汕的部隊(duì)遭到優(yōu)勢(shì)敵軍的圍攻，起義部隊(duì)大部分被打散，一部分突圍到了海陸豐，與當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)民武裝會(huì)合；另一部分由朱德、陳毅率領(lǐng)經(jīng)贛南、粵北轉(zhuǎn)入湘南，開展游擊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。1928年1月在湘南地方黨組織和農(nóng)民武裝的配合下，在宜章舉行了“年關(guān)起義”。由于遭到優(yōu)勢(shì)敵軍的“協(xié)剿”，起義部隊(duì)和農(nóng)民武裝撤出湘南，于同年4月到達(dá)井岡山與毛澤東率領(lǐng)的部隊(duì)勝利會(huì)師，組成中國(guó)工農(nóng)革命軍第四軍，后改稱工農(nóng)紅軍第四軍。