【#英語資源# #英語演講實(shí)用技巧舉例講解#】英語演講是提高學(xué)生英語口語水平、改善學(xué)生思辨力和創(chuàng)造力的有效手段。本文針對(duì)學(xué)生的特點(diǎn)介紹了英語演講——從話題的選擇到主題的確定，從演講結(jié)構(gòu)到演講內(nèi)容，從演講類型到演講技巧，內(nèi)容豐富，深入淺出。
1．根據(jù)聽眾對(duì)象，注意演講的總體措詞
演講的總體措詞是嚴(yán)肅一些還是活潑一些，是有較明顯的說教口氣還是用平等的口吻，等等，都要根據(jù)聽眾對(duì)象而定。如果場(chǎng)下聽眾是同齡的學(xué)生，那么演講的內(nèi)容只要風(fēng)趣一些往往就能引起共鳴。但另一方面，如果聽眾大多是上了年紀(jì)的教師，太多的笑料反而會(huì)被認(rèn)為 “不嚴(yán)肅”， “不尊重”，而引起反感。
用英語演講，不要用太多 I feel, I think，老是用I，顯得十分主觀，狹隘。如果通篇全是 I feel, I think 的內(nèi)容，會(huì)給人覺得缺乏說服力。另外，perhaps, maybe 這樣的詞語，雖然有 “客氣，謙虛”的成分，但太多會(huì)讓人覺得你演講的內(nèi)容有不可靠之處。
還有，在演講中，要少用you，多用we。用you等于把自己與聽眾對(duì)立起來，而用we則拉近了與聽眾的距離。比如：You should not smoke．聽上去像教訓(xùn)人，而 Let’s not smoke聽起來是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的建議。
2．演講要越短越好
英語演講應(yīng)該簡(jiǎn)潔扼要，直截了當(dāng)。除非特別需要，一般不要采用中文中的那種迂回曲折的表達(dá)形式。據(jù)有關(guān)專家統(tǒng)計(jì)，一般人的注意力一次只能集中約13分鐘。所以，演講長(zhǎng)度以10～15分鐘為宜。下面一個(gè)范文：
Let’s stand up from where we fall down
All the celebrations welcoming the new century were hold in the year 2000, because life without a greeting is like the sky without the sun. Greetings are very important for the whole world, in my opinion.
But I don’t know whether greetings are enough for us. Especially when we meet with failures .I remember quite clearly that when I was a child, if I fall down and was on the brink of crying, my father always told me” Please stand up from where you fall down!”
Yes, we must stand up from where we fall down.
That was a special mid night in 1993.Expectations filled our hearts.
We stared at the TV, hoping excitedly as the voice would fly to our ears.
But at last, each Chinese who loves our motherland was distressed to know the result: Beijing, lost to Sydney by a margin of two votes in the Olympic hosting competition.
Eight years have past, but the frustration has not healed with time at all.
Now, at the beginning of the new millennium, all of the pride and disappointment of the 20th century had gone with the wind. The 21st century, which is full of hope, longing and thought has come. Someone said, we would start from zero on.
Should I really start from zero on?
No! I hold that we should go on with our efforts and ambitions stayed by last century, and make our life better.
“New Beijing, great Olympics!” The voice cries this out around China’s capital, a 3,000-year-old city these days.
Beijing, along with Paris, Istanbul, Osaka and Toronto, has been short listed by the International Olympic Committee as an official candidate city for the 2008 Olympic Games.
Facing the new century, mankind is driven by the revolution of science and technology, world economy is undergoing broad and profound changes. But nobody can deny the fact that compared with developed nations, developing countries are confronted with more pressure and challenges. In order to become famous in the world, we must speed up our international economic restructuring to catch up with industrialized nations.
Supporting Beijing’s bid is a systematic project that can support China’s development efforts.
I believe recycled paper, clean fuel, sorted rubbish, water-saving and energy-efficient facilities will become reality in the coming years for China.
I believe the new century is an era of learning and teaching, and lifelong education has become one of the main trends in the future development of Chinese society.
I believe that, on July 13, our dream of Beijing’s Olympic bid will become true.
Because to millions of Chinese, for China to have the global respect and support that she deserves is not just a dream.
It is a part of our very souls. For we are not only equal members of our motherland, China, but we are also equal contributors to the world as a whole. Let us stand together, all nations in Beijing, in brotherhood, friendship and peace, in 2008 and forever!
3．英語演講稿的基本組成部分
從大的方面看，英語演講詞實(shí)際上是屬于一種特殊的說明文或議論文，其基本組成部分是：
1) 開始時(shí)對(duì)聽眾的稱呼語
最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根據(jù)不同情況，選用 Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr. Chairman, Honorable Judges (評(píng)委)等等。
2)提出論題
由于演講的時(shí)間限制，必須開門見山，提出論題。
- the most important point to make is...- My first point is...
- Another aspect to bear in mind is... - It must also be remembered that...
- We mustn’t forget that...- Also, don’t forget that/remember that…
- Now for something completely different...- This brings me to...
- Oh, and another thing...
3)論證
對(duì)提出的論題，不可主觀地妄下結(jié)論，而要進(jìn)行客觀的論證。這是演講中最需要下功夫的部分。關(guān)鍵是要把道理講清楚。常見的論證方法有舉例法、因果法、對(duì)比法等等，具體句型如下：
“換句話說...”
- Put in another way...- Let me put that another way...
- To put that in another way...- In other words...
- Alternatively you could say that...- Another way of saying it...
- To put it more bluntly/more concisely...- If I can rephrase that...
澄清觀點(diǎn)
- I will try and put that more clearly/more simply...
- Just in case that wasn’t clear, I will rephrase it
- Don’t misunderstand me, what I mean is...
- I will just repeat that to make it clear.
- It’s important not to confuse/to make a distinction between/to distinguish between...
- This is not to say that...
“一般來說”
- Broadly/generally speaking...- With a few exceptions/without exception.
- In general/By and large/On the whole/Overall - As a rule of thumb
- As a general rule/It’s generally accepted that...
- Usually/often/frequently it is the case that...
談?wù)摷?xì)節(jié)問題
- More specifically...- To take one specific aspect of this...
- Let’s focus on one aspect of this...- One point bears closer examination...
- If we can concentrate on one aspect of this for a moment...
- there is one detail that is worth focusing on...- Let’s go into this in more detail.
- Upon closer examination/investigation...
由總到分
- From that general rule, we can now look at a specific example
- Time to stop generalizing and start being precise
- What specific points can be drawn from these conclusions?
- Do you want to be precisely wrong or approximately right?
舉例說明
- A good example (of this) is...- ...for example...- For instance...
- As an example (of this)...- To take an example...- To illustrate this...
- By way of an example...- An illustration of this is...
- We can illustrate this by...- We can demonstrate this by...
- This can be seen in the following (illustration).- Take X, for example.
- Imagine...- How does this work in practice?
4) 結(jié)論
結(jié)論要簡(jiǎn)明扼要，以給聽眾留下深刻印象。
- That’s all I want to say about this point...
- This concludes what I want to say about...
- ...which concludes what I want to say about...
- That wraps up that point...
- That covers that area
- So it can be seen that...
- So we can see that...
- So I’ve shown that...
- In conclusion then,...
- To conclude this point then, ...
- there’s nothing left to say on this point, I think, so...
- I think that’s covered that one, so...
- That, then, was...
5) 結(jié)尾
結(jié)尾要簡(jiǎn)潔，不要拉拉扯扯，說個(gè)沒完。特別是不要受漢語影響，說些類似”準(zhǔn)備不足，請(qǐng)諒解”，”請(qǐng)批評(píng)指正”這樣的廢話。最普通的結(jié)尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention。
4．英語演講稿的語言特征
1)多用實(shí)詞，多用短句，少用結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句
在英語演講中，and, but, so, then 等虛詞要盡量少用，that, which 等詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句也只會(huì)使句子結(jié)構(gòu)變得復(fù)雜，而使聽眾難以跟上演講者的思路，從而影響演講的效果。相反，多使用實(shí)詞，短句，可使得演講內(nèi)容更清晰，氣勢(shì)更磅礴。
2)演講要注意使用各種修辭手法，增加演講的感染力和氣勢(shì)。
英語演講中常用的修辭手法有：漸進(jìn)(climax)、對(duì)照(antithesis)、排比(parallelism)、警句(epigram)等等，例如：
That government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth．(排比)
這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的國(guó)家將不會(huì)從地球上消失。
United, there is little we can not do; divided, there is little we can do．(對(duì)照)
團(tuán)結(jié)，我們便將無所不能；分裂，我們則會(huì)一事無成。
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty． (對(duì)照和漸進(jìn))
Sample:
In September, 2008，the American subprime mortgage crisis which lasted more than one year gradually extended to the whole economy system to be an economy crisis all over the world. Its coming not only makes the Untied States face a series of economic problem，but also brings the economic market around the world a great shock: As a country，the Iceland has applied for the bankruptcy; Zimbabwe’s inflation has been out of control; Our neighbor，Korea，since its economic system gets closest to the United States，it suffers much more than other Asian countries in this economic storm.
As for China, we are influenced a lot in this special year. A lot of factories in Guangdong and Fujian province suffered a lot: the difficulty in exporting, the workers were laid off，even made the factory break; A great number of students in universities also feel about the crisis, since it’s hard for them to find a job.
However，as one of the newly developing countries in Asian countries，China has strict foreign exchange control and relatively independent financial system，which can help to reduce the influence that the crisis would bring. Although China is not an utopia in this storm，but we do worry less than the countries we referred to.
Anyway，the new round of economic crisis has come. China，the powerful Titanic has to consider the crash the storm would bring. We should seize the opportunity and try our best to solve the problem. Only in this way can our journey to develop economy safe and harmonious. At last， I’d like to wish our country good luck.
