高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法必修四知識(shí)點(diǎn):過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)
時(shí)間:2018-04-24 16:08:00 來(lái)源:無(wú)憂考網(wǎng) [字體:小 中 大]Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’company…..
Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.
Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.
過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況,其等同于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。vt過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示被動(dòng)和完成,vi過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。
Heated,waterchangesintosteam.
Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.
1作原因狀語(yǔ),等于as/since/because引導(dǎo)從句
Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…
2作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),等于when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句,如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,可在分詞前加when/while/until等使時(shí)間意義更明確。
Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.
Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…
3作條件狀語(yǔ)等于if/whether引導(dǎo)從句
Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….
Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou…
4作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)
Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.
Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.
5作讓步狀語(yǔ)
Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….
6獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu):當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是主句主語(yǔ)時(shí),分詞可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語(yǔ),這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常用來(lái)表示伴隨情況。
Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.
Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.
Rewritewithproperconjunctions
Example:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.
Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.
1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.
→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…
2Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.
→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…
3Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.
Ifweweregivenmoretime,
4OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.
OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,
5Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.
Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,
6Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.
Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,
現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)
現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,;而過(guò)去分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)
選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞,關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出,分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞,反之就用過(guò)去分詞。例如:
Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.
由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,這本書(shū)看上去很舊。
Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.
在使用的過(guò)程中,我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書(shū)很有用
注意:1.系表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)
_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)
______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)
belostin
bedressedin
beinterestedin
bedevotedto
besupposedto?becaughtintherain
beseatedin
bepreparedfor
bedeterminedto
2.不與主語(yǔ)保持一致的固定結(jié)構(gòu)
generallyspeaking一般說(shuō)來(lái)
strictly/franklyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)/坦白地說(shuō)
judgingfrom從…判斷
allthingsconsidered從整體來(lái)看
takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看來(lái)
例如:Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.從他的臉色看,他一定是病了。
Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.
總的來(lái)說(shuō),狗比豬跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的動(dòng)作)
Practice
1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.
buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine
1________bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.
2Theladyreturnedhome,________bytwopolicemen.
3Afterhavingbeen_________carefully,theroomwaslockedagain.
4.______in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.
5_____fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.
6If_____inaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.
7Although______intheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.
練習(xí)
1____time,hewillmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.
AHavinggivenBTogiveCGivingDGiven
2___in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.
ABeingfoundedBItwasfounded
CFoundedDFounding
3Unless__tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
AinvitedBinviting
CbeinginvitedDhavinginvited
4___,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
AHehadbeentoldmanytimes
BHavingbeentoldmanytimes
CToldmanytimes
DAlthoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes
5Whenfirst___tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.
AintroducingBintroduced
CintroduceDbeingintroduced
6Thereseemedtobenothing___todobut___forthedoctor.
Aleave/sendBleft/tosend
Cleft/sendDleaving/send
作介詞but,expect,besides的賓語(yǔ),前面又有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do時(shí),不定式通常省去to
7____everywhere,thewolveshadnowhere___themselves.
AHunting/hidingBTohunt/tohide
CHunted/hidingDHunted/tohide
8.The___morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,___byhisnaughtyboy.
A.following,followingB.followed,followed
C.following,followedD.followed,following
9.Mrs.Whitewasgladtoseethenurse___afterhersonandwaspleasedtoseetheboywell___careofinthenursery.
A.looked;takenB.looking;taken
C.looked;tookD.looking;taking
10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.
A.beingtiedB.havingtied
C.tobetiedD.tied
11.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.Togive
C.GivingD.Havinggiven