Section 1
新題/舊題：舊題
場(chǎng)景：旅游
主題：酒店冊(cè)子制作
題型及數(shù)量：10填空題
考試題目+答案：
1. company name: Central Hotel Chanis
2. letters of address should be bigger
3. the pool should be removed
4. change the desc ription under the top photo to reception
5. use the picture with view / views of the hotel
6. the price / prices should be in red print
7. translate into Spanish
8. deadline: by the end of July
9. address: no. 9 green drive, Cliffton, NY 21300
10. telephone number: 903036602
考點(diǎn)：題目5，6單復(fù)數(shù)暫時(shí)有爭(zhēng)議，做題需要進(jìn)行檢查，注意基本功的練習(xí)。
可參考真題：C9T3S1;C8T4S2
Section 2
新題/舊題：舊題
場(chǎng)景：工作/旅游
主題：圖書館擴(kuò)建
題型及數(shù)量：5單選+5地圖匹配
考試題目+答案：
11-15)Multiple Choice
11. Why XXX didn’t attend today?
A. She’s not very well
B. David is the manage director now
C. 暫缺
12. Disadvantage of new library?
A. expensive ticket
B. lack of publicity
C. inconvenient time
13. What did the man said about theft at library?
A. building facility was destroyed
B. a large number of items were stolen
C. theft already had preparation and plans
14. Why they want to expand the library?
A. it has no renovation since it was founded
B. it needs to double the number of computers
C. need to increase number of visiting people
15. The investment of library will be deployed to?
A. extra staff recruit
B. computer
C. lighting
16-20)Map Matching
16 child room-C
17 committee room-E
18 café-B
19 academic room-H
20 multimedia room-G
考點(diǎn)：地圖題做題方法及方位詞的使用
可參考真題：C11T1S2;C11T2S2
Section 3
新題/舊題：新題
場(chǎng)景：學(xué)術(shù)
主題：對(duì)牛仔褲流行的研究
題型及數(shù)量：待補(bǔ)充
考試題目+答案：待補(bǔ)充
考點(diǎn)：待補(bǔ)充
可參考真題：待補(bǔ)充
Section 4
新題/舊題：舊題
場(chǎng)景：發(fā)展
主題：UN report in 1987
題型及數(shù)量：10填空題
考試題目+答案：
31. Lecture aim: the analysis of confusion
32. Sustainability for future generation
33. No much mention of environment
34. Poor country should have the same rights as rich country to natural resource
35. Synonym for green but need time for technology to offer solution
36. Sustainable lobby was used for development in nuclear power
37. Example: Take research on Electric cars build up more station on roadsinstead of better battery
38. Crop need water about 75%
39. In the use of natural resource: such as sun flowers or wheat which consumed much less water instead of corn
40. The people faced water problem is to change of our diet
考點(diǎn)：同意替換，結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。
可參考真題：C5T3S4;C4T1S4
【口語(yǔ)】Desc ribe a language you want to learn (not English)
You should say:
What it is
How you would learn it
Where you would learn it
And why you want to learn the language
這張?jiān)掝}卡題目為描述想學(xué)的第二外語(yǔ)，可能涉及時(shí)態(tài)：
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，注意必要時(shí)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變形;
2. 一般過(guò)去式：注意動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式正確變形;
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has done，注意助動(dòng)詞have / has與人稱的正確搭配，以及動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的正確變形;
4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：have / has been doing，注意助動(dòng)詞have / has與人稱的正確搭配，以及動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的正確變形;
5. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)，注意will或者shall均為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，之后一律要跟上動(dòng)詞原形。
話題一開始，簡(jiǎn)單明了的告訴考官你想學(xué)的語(yǔ)言是什么，在這里可以用到一個(gè)短語(yǔ)叫做the first thing that comes to my mind is… 意思為我第一個(gè)想到的就是什么，那么作為想學(xué)習(xí)的一門語(yǔ)言，可以有：French;Spanish;Korean;Russian;Italian;Japanese;German等等，另外一定要注意的是，作為a second foreign language(第二外語(yǔ))，一定要講除英語(yǔ)以外的語(yǔ)言。
接下來(lái)開始描述想要學(xué)這個(gè)語(yǔ)言的原因，描述原因時(shí)可以有以下幾個(gè)方面：
1. 第一次聽到這個(gè)語(yǔ)言的場(chǎng)景，對(duì)于場(chǎng)景我們可以有：when I watched a movie;when I listened to a song;when I heard sb. talking;when I was in a restaurant等等。你對(duì)其的感受以及這門語(yǔ)言吸引到你的地方，I found it beautiful / amazing / attractive / breath-taking / poetic。
2. 描述一下自己接觸這門語(yǔ)言的經(jīng)過(guò)，覺得簡(jiǎn)單還是困難，在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中可能或者已經(jīng)碰見了什么難處，是否可以解決，或者應(yīng)該怎樣解決, 對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)一門語(yǔ)言的困難，我們可以提到：lack of resource;lack of environment;grammar is too hard to handle;there’s a world of difference between this language and my mother tongue。
3. 描述這門語(yǔ)言是否實(shí)用，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)這門語(yǔ)言自己可以如何獲利。
參考答案：
If I have to choose a language that I would like to learn in the future, Spanish is definitely the first thing that comes to my mind which I have been intending to learn for a long time.
I still remember the first time I heard Spanish was from a song called “La isla bonita”, which means the beautiful island, I was truly attracted by the melody and the lyrics of the song even though I couldn’t even understand at that time. Since then, I started to listen to a lot of Spanish songs and watch some Spanish movies, I was almost addicted to its amazing intonation and pronunciation, no wonder people regard Spanish as the language of God.
Well, actually I have already started learning Spanish by myself. I bought some vocabulary books and downloaded a few apps on my phone to learn from the very basic things, but soon I realized that it was more than I could teach myself. Especially when it came to verbs, there were too many forms to master properly without any instructions, it gradually made me confused. Plus, there weren’t any native speakers around me, I had nobody to practice with. Therefore, my plan of learning Spanish didn’t go well like I expected.
Another reason that I would love to learn Spanish is that it is also a world wide language besides English, if I can ever have a chance to visit some of my favorite American countries like Mexico and Colombia, Spanish will become extremely useful.
Well, I really hope that some day I could have the opportunity to take Spanish course and learn from a qualified teacher. I'm aware of the factor that there will be many difficulties during the process, but i believe, "Where there is a will, there is a way."
【閱讀】Passage 1
文章題材：說(shuō)明文(自然科普)
文章題目：遺忘的森林
文章難度：★★
文章內(nèi)容：文章介紹了長(zhǎng)葉松森林在美國(guó)面臨著即將消失的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)，林火對(duì)長(zhǎng)葉松林的重要作用，以及研究人員如何利用林火和提高人們對(duì)其重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)來(lái)保護(hù)長(zhǎng)葉松森林。
題型及數(shù)量：9填空題+4判斷題
題目及答案：
1. Nests
2. Tortoises
3. Oaks
4. Native Americans
5. presc ribed burns
6. shrubs
7. soil
8. ants
9. eggs
10. TRUE
11. FALSE
12. NOT GIVEN
13. TRUE
可參考真題：C5T4P2：Flawed Beauty: the problem with toughened glass
考試原文：
The Forgotten Forest
Found only in the Deep South of America, long leaf pine woodlands have dwindled to about 3 percent of their former range, but new efforts are under way to restore them.
THE BEAUTY AND THE BIODIVERSITY of the longleaf pine forest are well-kept secrets, even in its native South. Yet it is among the richest ecosystems in North America, rivaling tallgrass prairies and the ancient forests of the Pacific Northwest in the number of species it shelters. And like those two other disappearing wildlife habitats, longleaf is also critically endangered.
In longleaf pine forests, trees grow widely scattered, creating an open, parklike environment, more like a savanna than a forest. The trees are not so dense as to block the sun. This openness creates a forest floor that is among the most diverse in the world, where plants such as many-flowered grass pinks, trumpet pitcher plants, Venus flytraps, lavender ladies and pineland bog-buttons grow. As many as 50 different species of wild flowers, shrubs, grasses and ferns have been cataloged in just a single square meter.
Once, nearly 92 million acres of longleaf forest flourished from Virginia to Texas, the only place in the world where it is found. By the turn of the 21st century, however, virtually all of it had been logged, paved or farmed into oblivion. Only about 3 percent of the original range still supports longleaf forest, and only about 10,000 acres of that is uncut old-growth-the rest is forest that has regrown after cutting. An estimated 100,000 of those acres are still vanishing every year. However, a quiet movement to reverse this trend is rippling across the region. Governments, private organisations (including NWF) and individual conservationists are looking for ways to protect and preserve the remaining longleaf and to plant new forests for future generations.
Figuring out how to bring back the piney woods also will allow biologists to help the plants and animals that depend on this habitat. Nearly two-thirds of the declining, threatened or endangered species in the southeastern United States are associated with longleaf. The outright destruction of longleaf is only part of their story, says Mark Danaher, the biologist for South Carolina’s Francis Marion National Forest. He says the demise of these animals and plants also is tied to a lack of fire, which once swept through the southern forests on a regular basis.”Fire is absolutely critical for this ecosystem and for the species that depend on it,”says Danaher.
Name just about any species that occurs in longleaf and you can find a connection to fire. Bach-man’s sparrow is a secretive bird with a beautiful song that echoes across the longleaf flat woods. It tucks its nest on the ground beneath clumps of wiregrass and little bluestem in the open under story, But once fire has been absent for several years, and a tangle of shrubs starts to grow, the sparrows disappear. Gopher tortoises, the only native land tortoises east of the Mississippi, are also abundant in longleaf. A keystone species for these forests, its burrows provide homes and safety to more than 300 species of vertebrates and invertebrates ranging from eastern diamondback rattlesnakes to gopher frogs, If fire is suppressed, however, the tortoises are choked out.”If we lose fire,”says Bob Mitchell, an ecologist at the Jones Center,”we lose wildlife.”
Without fire, we also lose longleaf. Fire knocks back the oaks and other woods that can grow up to overwhelm longleaf forests. They are fire forests,”Mitchell says: They evolved in the lightning capital of the eastern United States.”And it wasn’t only lightning strikes that set the forest aflame.”Native Americans also lit fires to keep the forest open,”Mitchell says.”So did the early pioneers. They helped create the longleaf pine forests that we know today.”
Fire also changes how nutrients flow throughout longleaf ecosystems, in ways we are just beginning to understand. For example, researchers have discovered that frequent fires provide extra calcium, which is critical for egg production, to endangered red-cockaded woodpeckers. Frances James, a retired avian ecologist from Florida State University, has studied these small black-and-white birds for more than two decades in Florida’s sprawling Apalachicola National Forest. When she realised female woodpeckers laid larger clutches in the first breeding season after their territories were burned, she and her colleagues went searching for answers.”We learned calcium is stashed away in woody shrubs when the forest is not burned,”James says.“But when there is a fire, a pulse of calcium moves down into the soil and up into the longleaf.”Eventually, this calcium makes its way up the food chain to a tree-dwelling species of ant, which is the red-cockaded’s favorite food. The result: more calcium for the birds, which leads to more eggs, more young and more woodpeckers.
Today, fire is used as a vital management tool for preserving both longleaf and its wildlife. Most of these fires are presc ribed burns, deliberately set with a drip torch. Although the public often opposes any type of fire-and the smoke that goes with it-these frequent, low-intensity burns reduce the risk of catastrophic conflagrations.”Forests are going to burn,”says Amadou Diop, NWF’s southern forests restoration manager.”Il’s just a question of when. With presc ribed burns, we can pick the time and the place.”
Diop is spearheading a new NWF effort to restore longleaf.”It’s a species we need to go back to, he says. Educating landowners about the advantages of growing longleaf is part of the program, he adds, which will soon be under way in nine southern states.”Right now, most longleaf is on public land,”says Jerry McCollum, president of the Georgia Wildlife Federation.”Private land is where we need to work,”he adds, pointing out that more than 90 percent of the acreage within the historic range of longleaf falls under this category.
Interest among private landowners is growing throughout the South, but restoring longleaf is not an easy task. The herbaceous layer-the understory of wiregrasses and other plants-also needs to be re-created. In areas where the land has not been chewed up by farming, but con-verted to loblolly or slash pine plantations, the seed bank of the longleaf forest usually remains viable beneath the soil. In time, this original vegetation can be coaxed back. Where agriculture has destroyed the seeds, however, wiregrass must be replanted. Right now, the expense is prohibitive, but researchers are searching for low-cost solutions.
Bringing back longleaf is not for the short-sighted, however. Few of us will be alive when the pines being planted today become mature forests in 70 to 80 years. But that is not stopping longleaf enthusiasts,”Today, it’s getting hard to find longleaf seedlings to buy,”one of the private landowners says.”Everyone wants them. Longleaf is in a resurgence.”
Passage 2
文章題材：說(shuō)明文
文章題目：計(jì)算方式
文章難度：★★
文章內(nèi)容：待補(bǔ)充
題型及數(shù)量：待補(bǔ)充
題目及答案：待補(bǔ)充
可參考真題：C12T5P3：What’s the purpose of gaining knowledge?
Passage 3
文章題材：說(shuō)明文(社科研究)
文章題目：What do babies know?(嬰兒知道什么?)
文章難度：★★★
文章內(nèi)容：本文討論了兒童認(rèn)知的問題，作者論述了一系列研究來(lái)討論兒童認(rèn)知。
題型及數(shù)量：6判斷題+5配對(duì)題+3選擇題
題目及答案：
27. TRUE
28. NOT GIVEN
29. FALSE
30. NOT GIVEN
31. TRUE
32. FALSE
33. B
34. E
35. A
36. D
37. C
38. B
39. A
40. D
可參考真題：C10T2P2：Gifted children and learning
考試原文：
What Do Babies Know?
A As Daniel Haworth is settled into a high chair and wheeled behind a black sc reen, a sudden look of worry furrows his 9-month-old brow. His dark blue eyes dart left and right in search of the familiar reassurance of his mother's face. She calls his name and makes soothing noises, but Daniel senses something unusual is happening. He sucks his fingers for comfort, but, finding no solace, his month crumples, his body stiffens, and he lets rip an almighty shriek of distress. This is the usual expression when babies are left alone or abandoned. Mom picks him up, reassures him, and two minutes later, a chortling and alert Daniel returns to the darkened booth behind the sc reen and submits himself to baby lab, a unit set up in 2005 at the University of Manchester in northwest England to investigate how babies think.
B Watching infants piece life together, seeing their senses, emotions and motor skills take shape, is a source of mystery and endless fascination-at least to parents and developmental psychologist. We can decode their signals of distress or read a million messages into their first smile. But how much do we really know about what's going on behind those wide, innocent eyes? How much of their understanding of and response to the world comes preloaded at birth? How much
is built from sc ratch by experience? Such are the questions being explored at baby lab. Though the facility is just 18 months old and has tested only 100 infants, it's already challenging current thinking on what babies know and how they come to know it.
C Daniel is now engrossed in watching video clips of a red toy train on a circular track. The train disappears into a tunnel and emerges on the other side. A hidden device above the sc reen is tracking Daniel's eyes as they follow the train and measuring the diametre of his pupils 50 times a second. As the child gets bored-or ”habituated”, as psychologists call the process-his attention level steadily drops. But it picks up a little whenever some novelty is introduced. The train might be green, or it might be blue. And sometimes an impossible thing happens-the train goes into the tunnel one color and comes out another.
D Variations of experiments like this one, examining infant attention, have been a standard tool of developmental psychology ever since the Swiss pioneer of the field, Jean Piaget ,started experimenting on his children in the 1920s.Piaget's work led him to conclude that infants younger than 9 months have no innate knowledge of how the world works or any sense of "object permanence"(that people and things still exist even when they're not seen). Instead, babies must gradually construct this knowledge from experience. Piaget's "constructivist" theories were massively influential on postwar educators and psychologist, but over the past 20 years or
so they have been largely set aside by a new generation of "nativist" psychologists and cognitive scientists whose more sophisticated experiments led them to theorise that infants arrive already equipped with some knowledge of the physical world and even rudimentary programming for math and language. Baby lab director Sylvain Sirois has been putting these smart-baby theories through a rigorous set of tests. His conclusions so far tend to be more Piagetian:“Babies" he says, "know nothing."
E What Sirois and his postgraduate assistant Lain Jackson are challenging is the interpretation of a variety of classic experiments begun in the mid-1980s in which babies were shown physical events that appeared to violate such basic concepts as gravity, solidity and contiguity. In one such experiment, by University of Illinois psychologist Renee Baillargeon, a hinged wooden panel appeared to pass right through a box. Baillargeon and M.I.T's Elizabeth Spelke found that babies as young as 31/2 months would reliably look longer at the impossible event than at the
normal one. Their conclusion: babies have enough built-in knowledge to recognize that some-thing is wrong.
F Sirois does not take issue with the way these experiments were conducted. "The methods are correct and replicable," he says, "it's the interpretation that's the problem." In a critical review to be published in the forthcoming issue of the European Journal of Developmental Psychology, he and Jackson pour cold water over recent experiments that claim to have observed innate or precocious social cognition skills in infants. His own experiments indicate that a baby's fascination with physically impossible events merely reflects a response to stimuli that are novel. Data from the eye tracker and the measurement of the pupils(which widen in response to arousal or interest show that impossible events involving familiar objects are no more interesting than possible events involving novel objects. In other words, when Daniel had seen the red train come out of the tunnel green a few times, he gets as bored as when it stays the same color. The mistake of previous research, says Sirois, has been to leap to the conclusion that infants can understand the concept of impossibility from the mere fact that they are able to perceive some novelty in it. ”The real explanation is boring," he says.
G So how do babies bridge the gap between knowing squat and drawing triangles-a task Daniel's sister Lois,21/2, is happily tackling as she waits for her brother? "Babies have to learn everything, but as Piaget was saying, they start with a few primitive reflexes that get things going," said Sirois. For example, hardwired in the brain is an instinct that draws a baby's eyes to a human face. From brain imaging studies we also know that the brain has some sort of visual buffer that continues to represent objects after they have been removed-a lingering perception rather than conceptual understanding. So when babies encounter novel or unexpected events, Sirois explains, "there's a mismatch between the buffer and the information they're getting at that moment. And what you do when you've got a mismatch is you try to clear the buffer. And that takes attention." So learning, says Sirois, is essentially the laborious business of resolving mismatches. "The thing is, you can do a lot of it with this wet sticky thing called a brain. It's a fantastic, statistical-learning machine". Daniel, exams ended, picks up a plastic tiger and, chewing thoughtfully upon its heat, smiles as if to agree.
【寫作】TASK 1
題目：The bar chart below shows the number of visitors to the main attractions in a European country in 1981, 1991 and 2001.
類型：柱狀圖、動(dòng)態(tài)圖
考點(diǎn)/寫作要點(diǎn)：
注意題目的改寫：’in 1981、1991 and 200’ 一共二十年的時(shí)間，可以改寫為20-year- period或者two decades.
時(shí)態(tài)要選用過(guò)去時(shí)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
建議同學(xué)不要按照年份進(jìn)行逐一描述，會(huì)使得文章結(jié)構(gòu)松散，趨勢(shì)變化不明顯，無(wú)法突出重點(diǎn);
可以把柱狀圖看作是線圖進(jìn)行描述，即在單個(gè)柱圖的頂端畫一個(gè)點(diǎn)，然后把每個(gè)點(diǎn)連接起來(lái)變成線圖，用這個(gè)方法可以直觀的看到數(shù)據(jù)的上升/下降/不變的趨勢(shì);
首先可以從人數(shù)最多的central amusement park開始描述其二十年的趨勢(shì);
呈上升趨勢(shì)的：national park; national gallery (每十年就幾乎又一倍的增長(zhǎng));
呈下降趨勢(shì)的：science park;
無(wú)明顯趨勢(shì)變化：central zoo
范文：
The bar charts give information about how many travelers have visited five tourist destinations in a European country and how this number has changed in two decades.
It is noticeable that Central amusement park was the most attractive tourist spot with 25 million people visiting in 1981. Though this figure dropped to 20 million in 1991, it reclined to 22 million a decade later. Another noticeable finding is that in one decade (1981-1991), the number of people visiting the National Park witnessed a dramatical increase from 10 million to 15 million. This climb slowed down in the next decade with an increase of only 2 million people.
A similar trend has been found in the increase of travelers to the National Gallery. In 1981, only 7 million people chose to visit that attraction. However, this figure was almost doubled in 10-years’ time. It continued to grow under the similar speed, in 2001, more than 20 million people have visited the National Gallery.
The figure has shown little change in the Science Park. In 1981, only 7 million people have visited that place. After experiencing a slight increase, the number continued to drop and reached 6 million in 2001. Similarly, the figure for Central Zoo remained stable, with just 5 million of visitors going there for two decades, which makes it the least attractive tourist spot for people.
(227 words)
TASK 2
In some countries, people waste a lot of food which is bought in shops and restaurants. What do you think are the reasons? What can be done to solve this problem?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
機(jī)經(jīng)版本：
題目類型：報(bào)告類
話題：社會(huì)類
TA/TR(key words)：
思路/提綱：
浪費(fèi)食物的原因 |
解決浪費(fèi)的辦法 |
生活水平提升，人們買食物比較隨意 |
政府加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管懲罰力度 |
全球化，網(wǎng)購(gòu)廣告等誘 惑人們大量購(gòu)買食物 |
提升人們節(jié)約食物的意識(shí) |
范文：
In the current society, with the improving life standard, diet has become a hot topic discussed among citizens who attach importance to what they are going to eat. As a byproduct of this circumstance, the great amount of wasted food has been an top concern around the world.
No one can deny why the waste of food is enormous is because people having more money than before are prone to buy more food based on their preference instead of their real needs; as a result, lots of food cannot be consumed, and the exceeded expense would be one of the main reasons. Meanwhile, taking the globalization into consideration, the whole world is merging, which means that various products from different areas can be brought to everyone's life by using online shopping, and the sale promotion and advertisements used by the manufacturers are crammed into our daily life; therefore, the increasing temptations and convenience motivate individuals' curiosity to place order repetitively even they do not need, which gradually forms a habit of wasting.
However, there is the fact that food is the treasure and is worth to cherishing, so that everyone has the responsibility to save the food. Government, as the maker of all the rules in the society, can formulate the strict principles and implement seriously to prevent people from wasting food, such as improving the supervising system and rising the fine. Besides, compared with the punishment, the prevention shouldn't be ignored. Increasing the awareness of saving food in the society can also contribute to help people to build a right concept of consumption, which can be an effective way to solve the problem from its origin.
In conclusion, although the better life offers people more opportunities to experience new and attractive things, we do need to maintain some good traditions, and the importance of saving food should be noticed.
