1.提高雅思口語(yǔ)的句式解析
一、which 從句
考官很喜歡這個(gè)句式,Which從句可以分成兩種情況:修飾先行詞和修飾前面整個(gè)意群。
a. 修飾先行詞:
例:Where are you from?
I‘m from Shanghai,which is the biggest city in China, located in the eastcoastal area.
這里的which修飾的是先行詞Shanghai.大家可以把這個(gè)句子背下來(lái),因?yàn)樵诳谠嚠?dāng)中,問(wèn)到where areyoufrom?的可能性還是很大的。其實(shí),除了這個(gè)題目外,還有很多題目的回答可以用到這個(gè)句式,大家可以具體去發(fā)現(xiàn)。如:what‘s your favoritedish? 答:My favorite dish is Stirred-fried shrimps,which is a Shanghainese localspecialty.
b. 修飾整個(gè)意群:
例:How do you think about your job?My job is really boring, you have to dothe same thing everyday, which is one of the major reasons leading
to the loss of motivation.因?yàn)閣hich修飾的是整個(gè)意群(上面修飾先行詞為6分),即:My job isreally boring, you have to do the same thingeveryday,能夠體現(xiàn)出考生靈活使用復(fù)雜句式的能力。沒有大局觀的人,是很難把這個(gè)句子說(shuō)對(duì)的。在這種情況里,which一般翻譯為:這(種情況、事情……),起到總結(jié)歸納的作用。如:Ourgovernment has realized the problem and is taking constructive measures to dealwith it, which isa good sign, but if we don‘t do it in a scientific way, I’mafraid the consequence could still be lethal.政府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到這個(gè)問(wèn)題,正采取措施解決,這是個(gè)好兆頭。但如果我們措施不夠科學(xué),恐怕結(jié)果依然是致命的。
二、 間接引語(yǔ)
例:Why did you choose that major?
I chose that major because I thought it would lead to a secure job. As wellas that,……
I thought it would lead to a securejob就是間接引語(yǔ),大家以后碰到這個(gè)問(wèn)題,可以用該句式來(lái)回答。除了這里,只要是涉及到解釋過(guò)去的事情都可以用。如:I shared the toy with myfriends whenever they cameto my house, because I thought they would like it, andthey actually did(part2 describe a toy in childhood)。又如:Everytime I went to themuseum, I would always bring a note book with me, because I thought Ishouldn‘tmiss anything.
三、條件從句
例:If I hadn‘t got his advice on how to prepare for IELTS tests, I’m sure Iwould have met with big problems(part2 describe a piece of advice)。
這個(gè)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:If……h(huán)adn‘t……I’m sure/ afraid…… would/wouldn‘t havehappened.翻譯成中文,是:如……不發(fā)生的話,我確信/恐怕……會(huì)發(fā)生。它的前后兩部分都是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示假設(shè)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情如果沒有發(fā)生,結(jié)果會(huì)怎么樣。例句可以用到part2describe a piece of advice,其實(shí)除了這個(gè)話題外,我們還有許多地方可以用到它。大家不妨翻譯以下句子,把它們背下來(lái)用用:
1、如果沒有去長(zhǎng)城,我相信我不會(huì)如此深入了解長(zhǎng)城的歷史(part2 a historical site)。
2、如果父親沒有鼓勵(lì)我,我相信我不會(huì)克服那么大的困難(part2 a family member I admire)。
參考翻譯:
a. If I hadn‘t gone to the Great Wall, I’m sure I wouldn‘t have known somuch about it.
b. If my father hadn‘t encouraged me that day, I’m afraid I wouldn‘t havebeen able to overcome such a big difficulty.
分別從which從句,間接引語(yǔ)和條件從句三個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)出發(fā)引申出來(lái)的高分句式。大家可以在備考自己的雅思口語(yǔ)考試的時(shí)候,多多嘗試應(yīng)用一些比較有難度的句式,這樣在雅思口語(yǔ)考試中就會(huì)有更好的發(fā)揮了
2.雅思口語(yǔ)的東西方思維差異
由于各國(guó)文化背景和生活習(xí)慣的不同,其思維方式也有很大不同,這種差異往往在雅思口語(yǔ)考試時(shí)能夠表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
西方思維是“直線型”的,而中國(guó)學(xué)生的思維模式是“螺旋型”,善于推理。西方學(xué)生的思維模式是“直線型”,善于論證。中國(guó)人思維是謙虛為上,而西方人的思維是努力證明自己的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)為上,構(gòu)成對(duì)有效交流的妨礙,這就是所謂的“文化差異”,對(duì)于考官來(lái)說(shuō),他要問(wèn)考生的是意見,考生應(yīng)給出這個(gè)問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn),開門見山,然后說(shuō)出原因。
口語(yǔ)趨于“交談”學(xué)口語(yǔ)的目的,是為了能“有效的交流”,英語(yǔ)的發(fā)音、語(yǔ)法、句子絕對(duì)沒有國(guó)內(nèi)的各種人士強(qiáng)調(diào)的那么重要,而被國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)英語(yǔ)的人士忽略的、也恰恰是最重要的部分是:表達(dá)語(yǔ)言所應(yīng)用的、符合英語(yǔ)文化和習(xí)俗的正確方式、方法和內(nèi)容。
雅思優(yōu)越于其他英語(yǔ)考試的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是它的口語(yǔ)部分,考生與考官面對(duì)面交談,而非單純的朗讀或背誦;不斷更換的問(wèn)題使得考生的綜合語(yǔ)言素質(zhì)在專業(yè)人士面前表露無(wú)遺,更好地說(shuō)明考生的口頭溝通交際能力。
抓重點(diǎn)詳細(xì)講述雅思口語(yǔ)考試針對(duì)學(xué)生在國(guó)外留學(xué)的實(shí)際需要,側(cè)重于考證考生的口語(yǔ)交際能力,而這口語(yǔ)交際能力的其中兩個(gè)基本考察重點(diǎn),一是考官理解考生花費(fèi)精力的多少,二是考生提出觀點(diǎn)、論證觀點(diǎn)的能力。
在雅思口語(yǔ)考試的過(guò)程,如果考生還是按中國(guó)人的慣用的思維模式來(lái)回答問(wèn)題的話,考官就可能不知道回答的點(diǎn)在哪里,即使悟到后,也因無(wú)法跟聽扣減考生的分?jǐn)?shù)。
3.雅思考試口語(yǔ)考官的指令語(yǔ)言
雅思口語(yǔ)考試中考官使用的指令語(yǔ)言是比較固定的,一般都是按照下面列的這個(gè)流程來(lái)進(jìn)行的。大家可以在跟朋友對(duì)練或?紩r(shí)使用,增加練習(xí)的仿真度。
Good morning. Come in and take a seat.
Can you tell me your full name, please? What shall I call you?
Can I see your identification please?
Can you tell me where you are from?
第一部分:
Now in this first part, I’d like to ask you some questions aboutyourself.
1. Let’s talk about…
2. I’d like to move on now to talk about …
3. Let’s move on to the topic of …
第二部分:
Now I’m going to give you a topic, and I’d like you to talk about it forone to two minutes. Before you talk, you’ll have one minute to think about whatyou’re going to say.
You can make some notes if you wish. Do you understand?
Here’s some paper and a pencil, for making notes, and here’s your topic.
All right? Remember you have one to two minutes for this, so don’t worry ifI stop you.
I’ll tell you when the time is up. Can you start speaking now, please?
第三部分:
We’ve been talking about …… and I’d like to discuss one or two more generalquestions related to this.