材料的類(lèi)型Types of materials, metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, elastomer
部分材料性質(zhì)復(fù)習(xí)Review of selected properties of materials,
電導(dǎo)率和電阻率conductivity and resistivity,
熱導(dǎo)率thermal conductivity,
應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變stress and strain,
彈性應(yīng)變elastic strain,
塑性應(yīng)變plastic strain,
屈服強(qiáng)度yield strength,
抗拉強(qiáng)度ultimate tensile strength,
強(qiáng)度ultimate strength,
延展性ductility,
伸長(zhǎng)率elongation,
斷面收縮率reduction of area,
頸縮necking,
斷裂強(qiáng)度breaking strength,
韌性toughness,
硬度hardness,
疲勞強(qiáng)度f(wàn)atigue strength,
蜂窩honeycomb,
熱脆性heat shortness,
晶胞中的原子數(shù)atoms per cell,
點(diǎn)陣lattice, 陣點(diǎn)lattice point,
點(diǎn)陣參數(shù)lattice parameter,
密排六方hexagonal close-packed,
六方晶胞hexagonal unit cell,
體心立方body-centered cubic,
面心立方face-centered cubic,
彌勒指數(shù)Miller indices,
晶面crystal plane,
晶系crystal system,
晶向crystal direction,
相變機(jī)理Phase transformation mechanism:
成核生長(zhǎng)相變nucleation–growth transition,
斯賓那多分解spinodal decomposition,
有序無(wú)序轉(zhuǎn)變disordered-order transition,
馬氏體相變martensite phase transformation，
成核nucleation,
成核機(jī)理nucleation mechanism,
成核勢(shì)壘nucleation barrier,
晶核，結(jié)晶中心nucleus of crystal,
金屬組織的）基體quay,
基體，基塊，基質(zhì)，結(jié)合劑matrix,
子晶，雛晶matted crystal,
耔晶，晶種seed crystal,
耔晶取向seed orientation,
籽晶生長(zhǎng)seeded growth,
均質(zhì)核化homogeneous nucleation,
異質(zhì)核化heterogeneous nucleation,
均勻化熱處理homogenization heat treatment,
熟料grog,
自恰場(chǎng)self-consistent field
固溶體Solid solution:
有序固溶體ordered solid solution,
無(wú)序固溶體disordered solid solution,
有序合金ordered alloy,
無(wú)序合金disordered alloy.
無(wú)序點(diǎn)陣disordered lattice,
分散，擴(kuò)散，彌散dispersal,
分散劑dispersant,
分散劑，添加劑dispersant additive,
分散劑， 彌散劑dispersant agent
缺陷defect, imperfection,
點(diǎn)缺陷point defect,
線(xiàn)缺陷 line defect, dislocation,
面缺陷interface defect, surface defect,
體缺陷volume defect,
位錯(cuò)排列dislocation arrangement,
位錯(cuò)陣列dislocation array,
位錯(cuò)氣團(tuán)dislocation atmosphere,
位錯(cuò)軸dislocation axis,
位錯(cuò)胞dislocation cell,
位錯(cuò)爬移dislocation climb,
位錯(cuò)滑移dislocation slip, di