1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.
2.Hethrewawaythebrokencup.
3.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.
4.Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
單個(gè)過去分詞作定語，常放在被修飾詞的前面;
過去分詞短語作定語，常放在被修飾詞的后面。
spokenEnglish
=Englishwhichisspoken
terrifiedpeople
=thepeoplewhoareterrified
anorganizedway
=awaythatisorganized
affectedarea災(zāi)區(qū)
=theareawhichisaffected
stolenculturerelics
=culturerelicsthathadbeenstolen
thebookrecommendedbytheteacher
=thebookwhichwasrecommendedbytheteacher
printedarticles
=articlesthatareprinted
1)DoctorJohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.定語
2)JohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreet.定語
3)Hegotinterestedinthetwotheories.表語
4)Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood表語
PastParticipleastheAttribute定語PastParticipleasthePredicative表語
1.terrifiedpeople1.peoplewhoareterrified
2.reservedseats2.seatsthatarereserved
3.pollutedwater3.waterthatispolluted
4.acrowdedroom4.aroomthatiscrowded
5.apleasedwinner5.awinnerthatispleased
6.Astonishedchildren6.childrenwholookastonished
7.abrokenvase7.avasethatisbroken
8.acloseddoor8.adoorthatisclosed
9.thetiredaudience9.theaudiencewhofeeltired
10.atrappedanimal10.ananimalthatistrapped
Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.
=Therearemanyleaveswhichhadfallenontheground.(地上有許多落葉)
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.
=Someofthem,whohadbeenbornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.
(他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村出生并長大，從沒去過北京)
及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示結(jié)束了的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作或者沒有一定的時(shí)間性,只表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
pollutedwater
=waterwhichispolluted
reservedseats
=theseatswhichwerereserved
trappedanimal
=theanimalwhichwastrapped
不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞不表被動(dòng)，只表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，含有動(dòng)作完成，動(dòng)作結(jié)束之含義。
boiledwater
=waterwhichhasboiled
fallenleaves
=theleaveswhichhavefallen
risensun
=thesunwhichhasrisen
過去分詞作定語也可用作非限制性定語，前后用逗號隔開。
Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.這些書是郭敬明寫的，深受青少年的喜愛。
Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.他們中的一些人，在農(nóng)村出生并長大，從沒過北京.
Thebook_writtenbythefarmer(一本農(nóng)民寫的書)isverypopular.
Thebuildingbuiltlastyear(去年建的樓房)nowcollapsedintheWenchuanearthquake.
Theproblemdiscussedatthemeetingyesterday(在昨天會(huì)議上討論的)wasverydifficulttosolve.
Thewindowbrokenbythatnaughtyboy被那個(gè)頑皮男孩打破的)isbeingrepaired.
Thechildrenexaminedinthehospitalyesterday昨天在醫(yī)院檢查的)wereseriouslyill.
Thepeopleexposedtothesun(暴露在陽光下的)gotsunburnt.
Theboypunishedseverelybytheteacher(受到老師嚴(yán)厲懲罰的)isnowacollegestudent.
Thewaterdeliveredtohishome(送到他家的水)carrieddisease.
TheEnglishtodayisquitedifferentfromtheEnglishspokeninthepast300years(300年前所說的).
Mostoftheartistsinvitedtotheparty(被邀請去參加聚會(huì)的)werefromSouthAfrica.
Thestudentsinspiredbytheteacher(受到老師鼓舞的)workedharderthaneverbefore.
TheOlympicGames,__A_in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayed
C.firstplayingD.tobefirstplaying
�、龠^去分詞做定語與其修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系且過去分詞表示的動(dòng)作已完成。
②現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。
③不定式作定語表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
firstplayedin776B.C.=whichwasfirstplayedin776B.C.
Consolidation鞏固
1.Pricesofdailygoods____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.
A.areboughtB.bought
C.beenboughtD.buying
2.Withalotofdifferentproblems____,
thenewly-electedpresidentishaving
ahardtime.
A.settledB.settling
C.tosettleD.beingsettled
3.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.
A.beingknownB.havingbeenknown
C.tobeknownD.known
4.WhenIgotback,Isawamessage____tothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”
A.pin,readB.pinning,reading
C.pinned,readingD.pinned,read
2)作表語表示主語的心理感覺或所處的狀態(tài)。許多動(dòng)詞的過去分詞已經(jīng)被當(dāng)作形容詞使用。如：disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。
Thewindowisbroken.窗戶碎了。
Don’tgetsoexcited.別這么激動(dòng)。
1.用作表語的過去分詞被動(dòng)意味很弱，主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。
2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞動(dòng)詞意味很強(qiáng),句子主語為動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by短語。
�、賂heglassisbroken.
TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.
②Thewindowsareclosed.
ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.
3.表示“感覺流露”的一些過去分詞(如:interested,
surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些過去分詞(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表語,表示狀態(tài).其中有些僅表示狀態(tài),毫無被動(dòng)意味。
①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?
Theygotveryexcited.
�、贖owdidBobdointheexamsthistime?
Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.
�、跾hewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.
④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.
作表語練習(xí)：
Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.
A.payB.payingC.paidD.topay
該題考查分詞作表語的用法�！皌opaysb.bythehour”計(jì)時(shí)給某人報(bào)酬。此題被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。類似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.
1.Theroomsare____,soyoucan’tmovein.
A.paintedB.painting
C.beingpaintedD.tobepainted
2.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____.
A.waslosingB.gotlosing
C.grewlostD.gotlost
3.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparents
are_____him.
A.disappointing;disappointedat
B.disappointing;disappointedabout
C.disappointing;disappointedwith
D.disappointed;disappointingby
現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義.
現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或完成.
amovingmovie感人的電影
amovedaudience被感動(dòng)的觀眾
boilingwater正在燒(煮沸)的水
boiledwater已煮沸的水
developingcountries反展中國家
developedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國家
fallingleaves落葉(正在進(jìn)行)
fallenleaves落葉(已經(jīng)完成)
Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother.
Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom.
ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverygood.
TheroadcompletedyesterdayisleadingtoTibet。
