Video Text:
The [æ] sound is a front vowel, which for me means it feels like it comes more from here, aa, than from here, ah. It's a bit difficult to explain, so I am going to explain it in terms of another vowel, and that is the [e] as in "pet" vowel. Both of them, eh, aa, you can see my tongue is up, as opposed to ah, "father", where you can see the dark space in my mouth. Aa, all you see is tongue. So it's coming up, and making a bit of a wall, so that you see this part. The way it's different from the eh vowel, which is more like this, eh, aa, is that the tip of the tongue is not touching underneath the teeth as it is in eh. This part of the tongue is a little more vertical and more spread for me, which feels like it creates more space back here. Aa, aa. Also the jaw has dropped a little bit more than on eh. Aa, aa. And the last subtle change that happens is here. It's easy to see. The lip comes up just a little bit. Pets, pats.
[æ]是一個前元音，它和[e]音的共同特點是發(fā)音時舌頭要抬起，這和發(fā)father中的[a:]音不同。發(fā)[a:]音時可以看見口腔中的黑影部分，但是發(fā)[æ]時只能看見舌頭。因為舌頭抬起形成了一座“墻”。
[æ]與[e]不同之處在于：發(fā)[e]時舌尖觸及下面的牙齒，但是發(fā)[æ]時并不觸及;發(fā)[æ]時舌根部分更加垂直、更加舒展，感覺在后部制造出了更多空間;另外發(fā)[æ]時下巴下移的位置要比發(fā)[e]時更多一點，而上嘴唇則要比發(fā)[e]時上移得更多。
Sample words:
habit 習慣
understand 理解
Sample sentence:
Cameron is mad about fashion. 卡梅隆癡迷于時尚。
Video Text:
The [l] sound. To make this sound, we use the very tip of the tongue, and we press that to the roof of the mouth. This is different from the nn, N sound in which we use the forward part of the top of the tongue to touch the mouth. In the L, ll, we're actually using the very tip, which means the tongue has to curve up to touch. Ll, ll. Because the tongue is curving like that, that means this part of the tongue is actually touching the back part of the front teeth. But where the pressure happens is where the tip of the tongue reaches up to touch the roof of the mouth. Ll, ll, ll. The rest of the mouth stays relaxed.
發(fā)輔音[l]時，舌尖要頂在上顎。我們在發(fā)[n]音時，我們用舌的前端部分頂住上顎;但是，發(fā)[l]的時候，我們用的只是舌尖，也就是說要卷舌才能使舌尖觸碰到上顎。由于舌頭卷起，舌的前端部分實際上就會碰到上面一排牙齒的齒背。不過，我們只需在舌尖與上顎的接觸點用力，其余部分則保持放松狀態(tài)。
Sample words:
last 最后的
parallel 平行的
limber 靈活的
Sample sentence:
Last fall, we flew to California. 去年秋天，我們坐飛機去了加州。
Video Text:
The [əu] sound does not occur on its own. It is always in diphthong with the "uh" as in "pull" sound. For example, 'no.' It's not 'no,' 'no.' To make this sound the corners of the mouth come in a little, oh, which meant that the lips themselves press out a little bit: oh, oh. The tongue comes up a little bit in the back, and the tip of the tongue comes forward, oh, and is extremely lightly touching the soft part of the mouth underneath the front teeth, right here.
[əu]這個音容易與pull中的[u]音混淆，例如no一詞要念作[nəu]而不是[nu]。發(fā)這個音時，嘴角略微向內(nèi)收攏，也就是說嘴唇要向外突出。舌根稍稍向上抬起，舌尖朝前伸，輕輕觸碰門牙下側的柔軟處。
Sample words:
no 不
go 走
Sample sentence:
Mr. Stone shows off his snowmobile. Stone先生向人炫耀他的雪地車。
Sample words:
habit 習慣
understand 理解
Sample sentence:
Cameron is mad about fashion. 卡梅隆癡迷于時尚。
Video Text:
The [ɔɪ] diphthong. This sound combines the aw as in law with the ih as in sit. Though I have found in practice, as with many diphthongs, that the vowels within this diphthong are not quite so pure as they are when they stand alone. So with the aw as in law, I actually find it to be a little closer to the oh, as in the first sound of no. It does assume the same mouth position, aw, the cheeks come in a little bit and the lips round and come out, aw, law, but rather than saying an aw sound here, it's a little bit more like an oh. And to make that differentiation in the sound, the tongue comes up a little higher in the back than it does in the aw, law, pure sound by itself. Oy, o, oy.
The second sound: the ih as in sit. Ih, ih, oy. I sort feel at times like it's ih with a little bit mix of an ee as in she though it certainly is not oyee, the lips don't come out that far. Oy, oy, oy. So as you can see, o, the tongue is raised in the back more so you see the darkness in the mouth: o, oy... and there you see the tongue come forward for the ih, ih, ih. And the corners of the mouth come out just a little bit.
雙元音[ɔɪ]由law中的[ɔ]音和sit中的[i]音組成，不過它的第一個音[ɔ]更接近于[ɔ:]。發(fā)這個音時口腔的位置是同[ɔ]一樣的，臉頰收緊，嘴唇呈圓形并往外突，但是發(fā)這個音時舌根處要抬得略微再高些。
第二個音[i]中摻雜了一些[i:]音的成分，但它絕對不像[i:]音那樣嘴角拉得那么開。發(fā)第一個音時由于舌根抬高，可以看到口腔中的黑暗部分，而后舌頭向前伸來發(fā)[i]音，同時嘴角要向外拉一點。
Sample words:
deploy 部署，配置
soy 大豆;醬油
enjoyable 有樂趣的
Sample sentence:
The boy is annoying. 這個小男孩很煩人。
Video Text:
The [ei] diphthong. I find this diphthong hard to classify. I've seen some sources that use an open e sound at the beginning, that would be the [e] as in bed, and others that use a closed e, which doesn't exist on its own as a vowel sound in English. {[e], 'ey'} And then the final sound is [i], the open vowel, as in sit. Although I find it, in practice, to be halfway between the ih as in sit and the ee as in she. The first sound: ey. Now in the sound my tongue, in the very back, is actually touching the top of my mouth. Is it the top of my mouth, is it the throat, it's hard to tell because it's so far back there. Ey, ey. It's kind of where the top of the mouth meets the throat. Where the back of the tongue comes up to touch there. Ey, ey. Now that's different on the eh as in bed where the tongue is not acutally touching the roof of the mouth. Eh, as in bed, the tongue feels a little more forward. I would say this is eh, ey, ey. So it comes back a little so it can touch back there. Ey, ey, ey, as you can see, the jaw is quite closed, ey, ey, and the rest of the tongue comes forward. Ey, ey. Now to go to the ih sound, the jaw closes even more, ei ei ei, and the part of the tongue that touches the roof of the mouth is this part. So in the ey, it's back here that it touches, and in the ih, it's this part that touches. It just comes up and touches the roof of the mouth further forward.
[ei]是一個雙元音，有些人認為它的第一個音是bed中的[e]音，另外一些人認為第一個音應該念作'ey'。此外，他們認為最后一個音是sit中的開元音[i]，但是我覺得應該是介于[i]和she中的[i:]音之間。
念第一個'ey'音時，舌頭要放在很靠后，舌根要碰到口腔與喉嚨的連接處。而發(fā)bed中的[e]音時，舌頭是不碰到上顎的，舌頭的位置更靠前，所以說有所區(qū)別。發(fā)'ey'時口型收得較緊，舌頭的其他部分向前平伸。接下來就要變成[i]音了，口型將收得更緊，之前是舌根觸及上顎，現(xiàn)在要將舌頭輕輕抬起，變成舌頭前部觸及上顎。
Sample words:
say 說
grey 灰色
may 可能
Sample sentence:
I stayed at the bay and played all day. 我在海灣玩了一整天。
