英語(yǔ)是國(guó)際指定的官方語(yǔ)言(作為母語(yǔ)),也是世界上廣泛的第一語(yǔ)言,也是歐盟以及許多國(guó)際組織和英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家的官方語(yǔ)言,擁有世界第三位的母語(yǔ)使用者人數(shù),僅次于漢語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)使用者人數(shù)。©無(wú)憂考網(wǎng)小編整理了高一上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)教案三篇,希望對(duì)你有幫助!
Unit 5 Theme parks
The fifth period Words and expressions
I. Words for Reading (THEME PARKS —FUN AND MORE THAN FUN)
theme n. a favourite theme for poetry, a theme park
amuse v. amuse oneself by …, be amused at [by, with]…
amusement n. find much amusement in…, an amusement park
various a. too various to form a group, various opinions
variety n. for a variety of reasons, have a great variety to choose from, in a variety of
ways
ride n. give sb. a ride, go for a ride, take a long ride
shuttle n. the space shuttle Columbia broke up over Texas, carry shuttle audio during
space shuttle missions.
charge v. charge double for… 對(duì)……加倍收費(fèi),charge a fee for a service,He is charged
with heavy responsibility.
admission n. Admission by ticket only. Grant sb. admission, gain admission to/ into…
profit ① n. bring a handsome profit to…, divide profits 分紅利,increase profits ② v.
make big profits (on sth.), sell sth. at a profit, do sth. for profit
souvenir n. This book ekes out souvenir of my life in the United States. 這本書(shū)幫助我追
憶在美國(guó)的生活。
involve v. You'd like to meaningfully involve students., the right of Congress to involve the
nation in war
athletic a. an athletic meeting, athletic sports
brand n. Do you like this brand of coffee? a famous brand, the most popular brand on the
market
equipment n. lab equipment, military equipments, the necessary equipments for a trip
sneaker n. wear a new pair of sneakers
minority n. The minority is subordinate to the majority. 少數(shù)服從多數(shù)
fantasy n. fantasy sports and gaming site, the work of fantasy artist Amy Brown
Fantasyland n. living in a fantasyland, the Guide to Fantasyland
settler n. the early settlers of America, the first white settlers, The settlers were soon acclimated.
marine a. develop a mercantile marine 發(fā)展商船
experiment n. attempt the experiment of…, carry out an experiment, make an experiment on sb., prove sth. by experiment
imaginary a. an imaginary enemy, imaginary number 虛數(shù)
advanced a. most advanced branches of science and technology, a man advanced in years 老年人
technique n. developed a technique for remotely fingerprinting, a Swimming Technique
Magazine, developing a practical technique for solving voice problems
II. Words for Learning about Language(Word formation)
imagination n. have a good/ poor imagination
test n. provides test preparation services for college admissions, Preparing for a test isn't
easy. do well on the test
vary v. Opinions vary on this point. vary with… 與……一起變化
cloth n. lay the cloth 鋪?zhàn)啦肌?zhǔn)備開(kāi)飯, cut one’s coat according to one’s cloth量布裁衣
,量入為出
III. Words for Using Language (UTUROSCOPE—EXCITEMENT AND LEARNING)
jungle n. Jungle refers usually to a forest. It originated from a Sanskrit word jangala, meaning wilderness. In many languages of the Indian subcontinent, including Indian English it is generally used to refer to any wild, untended or uncultivated land, including forest, scrub, or desert landscapes.
creature n. The term creature refers to an animal.The term can be used to dehumanize a person. For example, in the fictional novel Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus by Mary Shelley, Dr. Frankenstein’s hideous construction is often referred to as a "creature." The term literally means "a created thing," and is sometimes used in theology to contrast a created object with a divine Creator under discussion.
volunteer n. a. v. A volunteer is a person who performs or offers to perform a service out of his or her own free will, often without payment. The year 2001 was the International Year of the Volunteer. 2005 is the UK Year of the Volunteer
People may volunteer to perform some work, e.g., of charitable character. Some volunteer for clinical trials or other medical research, and may even donate their bodies to science after their death
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容 Pre-reading; Reading; Comprehending
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
在本節(jié)課結(jié)束時(shí),學(xué)生能夠
l 認(rèn)識(shí)節(jié)日的分類以及節(jié)日對(duì)人們生活的影響,從更深入的層面理解各國(guó)節(jié)日的意義。
l 運(yùn)用略讀(skimming)、找讀(scanning)、細(xì)讀(careful reading)等閱讀技巧來(lái)掌握篇章中心內(nèi)容,獲取閱讀文章中的關(guān)鍵信息。
l 根據(jù)上下文,理解本課的生詞、詞組,如feast, gather, belief, dress up, play a trick on, admire, poet, look forward, day and night。
三、教學(xué)步驟
步驟一 略讀(skimming)
1.學(xué)生看Reading中的圖片和標(biāo)題,兩人一組討論閱讀材料中將介紹什么信息,完成Pre-reading的練習(xí)2。鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在班內(nèi)發(fā)表個(gè)人的見(jiàn)解。
2.老師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生快速瀏覽文章中的小標(biāo)題和每個(gè)自然段的首句,了解文章大意,即不同的節(jié)日或慶典類型代表著不同的含義,有些是紀(jì)念死者的,有些是紀(jì)念人士的,有些是慶祝冬天的結(jié)束春天的播種、秋天的豐收、以及獵人獵到獵物等等。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:快速瀏覽圖片、標(biāo)題信息、文章中的小標(biāo)題和每個(gè)自然段的首句進(jìn)行略讀,可以使學(xué)生在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)準(zhǔn)確地找到文章的基本信息。
步驟二 找讀(scanning)
1.老師先讓學(xué)生看“理解”中的練習(xí)1,了解節(jié)日的分類,老師可做必要的解釋。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:學(xué)生在把握了節(jié)日的分類后,他們?cè)谕瓿上铝懈鳝h(huán)節(jié)時(shí)更有針對(duì)性。
2.讓學(xué)生帶著練習(xí)1中的任務(wù)通讀一遍課文,重點(diǎn)閱讀和練習(xí)有關(guān)的內(nèi)容,快速找出練習(xí)所要求的基本信息。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過(guò)找讀,學(xué)生帶著任務(wù)就可以快速獲得練習(xí)1所要求的關(guān)鍵信息。
3. 在老師的指導(dǎo)下,全班合作填寫(xiě)練習(xí)1表格中的第一行。然后,老師要求學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成余下的三行表格的填寫(xiě)。學(xué)生完成表格的填寫(xiě)后,老師作點(diǎn)評(píng)。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:學(xué)生在第一環(huán)節(jié)中完成了節(jié)日的分類、第二環(huán)節(jié)中找到了練習(xí)1中的關(guān)鍵信息后,學(xué)生在本環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)一步整合信息,完成練習(xí)1表格的填寫(xiě)。
步驟三 細(xì)讀(careful reading)
1. 學(xué)生仔細(xì)閱讀課文,獨(dú)立完成Comprehending中練習(xí)2的問(wèn)題1~3,然后請(qǐng)幾個(gè)學(xué)生回答,后全班核對(duì)答案。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:練習(xí)2中的問(wèn)題1~3較4~5簡(jiǎn)單,通過(guò)細(xì)讀全文,學(xué)生能夠獨(dú)立作答。
問(wèn)題1~3的參考答案:
1) Festivals of the dead are for hornouring or satisfying dead ancestors or others, who some people believe might return to help or harm living people.
2) Autumn festivals are happy events because people are thankful that food is ready for winter and the hard farm work is finished.
3) At spring festivals, people usually have dances, carnivals and other activities to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring.
2. 學(xué)生4人一組討論問(wèn)題4~5,然后每組選出一名代表,匯報(bào)討論結(jié)果,后老師給予指導(dǎo)并得出盡可能一致的意見(jiàn)。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:?jiǎn)栴}4~5是開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)討論,學(xué)生可以根據(jù)文章的線索進(jìn)行推理,根據(jù)已有的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)得出問(wèn)題的答案。在匯報(bào)中,學(xué)生就能夠分享彼此的成果。
問(wèn)題4~5參考答案:
1) It is important to have festivals and celebrations so we can enjoy life / be proud of our customs / forget our work for a little while.
2) The Chinese, Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead. The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestors’ tombs.
步驟四 歸納內(nèi)容、對(duì)比
完成練習(xí)3~4的深層次的閱讀理解任務(wù):
老師要求學(xué)生探討課文的整體結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)節(jié),從每個(gè)自然段中找出練習(xí)所需的具體的例證。然后老師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成表格的第一行。學(xué)生仿照第一行的填寫(xiě)方法,完成表格其它行的填寫(xiě)。在老師幫助下全班同學(xué)一起核對(duì)答案,力爭(zhēng)取得較一致的意見(jiàn)。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過(guò)本環(huán)節(jié)的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能夠體驗(yàn)歸納、總結(jié)、對(duì)比的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程,同時(shí),為完成后續(xù)的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)做鋪墊。
步驟五 解決閱讀中學(xué)生遇到的困難
老師要求學(xué)生朗讀課文。然后4人一組根據(jù)上下文討論在閱讀中遇到的難以理解的單詞和詞組,如feast, gather, belief, dress up, play a trick on, admire, poet, look forward, day and night等,先是組內(nèi)探討解決,組內(nèi)解決不了的,老師給予幫助。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:解決閱讀中的障礙,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行猜詞的能力。
步驟六 歸納整理、復(fù)述課文
1. 老師事先用投影呈現(xiàn)出本課信息圖,學(xué)生在老師的引導(dǎo)下,共同完成信息圖中的信息填寫(xiě),選一名學(xué)生填寫(xiě)投影中的信息圖(可用詞或短語(yǔ))。然后學(xué)生根據(jù)“信息圖”用自己的話復(fù)述課文:
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:教學(xué)生如何處理和加工信息,檢查學(xué)生對(duì)課文中的主要信息、事實(shí)、情節(jié)要點(diǎn)等是否清楚,訓(xùn)練學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言表達(dá)自己的思想。
步驟七 作業(yè)
讓學(xué)生把復(fù)述的內(nèi)容寫(xiě)成短文。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對(duì)課文中主要內(nèi)容的掌握,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生寫(xiě)summary的技巧。
Unit15 Healthy eating教案
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
通過(guò)本單元教學(xué),使學(xué)生掌握有關(guān)提出建議或忠告的句型,對(duì)他人的一些具體問(wèn)題提出自己的建議或忠告。復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)看病的用語(yǔ)。通過(guò)對(duì)課文的學(xué)習(xí),了解有關(guān)營(yíng)養(yǎng)與衛(wèi)生方面的基本常識(shí),描寫(xiě)中國(guó)食譜與西方食譜之間的差異及優(yōu)勢(shì)。
1.重點(diǎn)詞匯
examine;advise;contain;score;scores of;discuss;cause;suggestion;in (the)future;be rich in;put on weight;at the end (of);lose weight
2.重要句型
1)I advise you not to eat fruit that isn't ripe in future.
2)The result is that many of them become fat.
3)There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar.
3.語(yǔ)法
學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)中提出建議和忠告的句型
4.日常交際用語(yǔ)
a. Seeing the doctor:
1)What can I do for you? What was the matter?
2)Lie down and let me examine you.
3)I've got a pain/cough/headache.
4)I don't feel well.
5)There's something wrong with……
6)Take this medicine three times a day.
7)Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.
8)Take two pills now and two more in four hours'time.
b. Making suggestions and giving advice
1)You'd better have a good rest.
2)I advise you to do something.
3)I advise you not to do something.
4)I suggest that you do…
5)Why not do…?
6)Why don't you do…?
教學(xué)建議
寫(xiě)作建議
1.首先讓學(xué)生們寫(xiě)在練習(xí)本上,然后與同組討論,互相交換議建議。
2.談?wù)摃?shū)中所給出的幾個(gè)題目,練習(xí)學(xué)生們看病的用語(yǔ)。如:
I've got a pain/ There's something wrong,/I feel terrible./ I don't feel well,so on.
課文建議
Step1本篇課文是有關(guān)健康飲食的話題,通過(guò)對(duì)比中西方飲食的對(duì)比,讓學(xué)生們能夠?qū)φn文的了解,教師列表寫(xiě)在黑板上。(略)
Step2通過(guò)閱讀,讓學(xué)生掌握一些飲食的名稱,如What's your favorite food?
duck/ chicken/egg/peanuts/jiaozi/noodles/chocolate/cream/cakes/potato crisps/butter,etc…
聽(tīng)力建議
Step1.Preparation for listening
讓學(xué)生們準(zhǔn)備去聽(tīng)聽(tīng)力,首先讓他們看P121頁(yè)的練習(xí),使學(xué)生們能夠了解練習(xí)的大概內(nèi)容。
Setp2.每一道題先放一遍,提問(wèn)學(xué)生們是否聽(tīng)懂,大概的內(nèi)容是什么。然后再放兩遍,讓學(xué)生們單獨(dú)去做練習(xí)。
Setp3.讓學(xué)生們能夠重復(fù)每一段小故事。如:Ex1.
I was in a chemistry lesson. I was carefully looking at something on the lab table and my hair caught fire. Luckily I wasn't badly hurt .Next time I'll tie my hair back before I go into the lab. Long hair can be dangerous
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)講解
辨析pain與ache
相同點(diǎn):兩者都表示疼痛。不同點(diǎn):
pain要注意以下三個(gè)方面:
① 表示身體某部位不適時(shí),屬于可數(shù)名詞;
I've a pain in my back. 我后背有點(diǎn)疼。
② 表示精神上的痛苦時(shí),屬于不可數(shù)名詞;
He gave his mother much pain by failing all the subjects. 他所有的考試不及格使他媽媽很痛苦。
、圩鳌芭Α、“辛苦”講時(shí),只用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但不能用many,few修飾。
No pains,no gains. 不勞則無(wú)獲。
ache表“疼痛”時(shí),其主語(yǔ)是身體的某部位,而不是“人”。
My legs ache. = I have pains in my legs. 我腳疼。
注:head,tooth,stomach(胃)與ache一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞,如:headache(頭疼),但leg,foot,hand,forehead不行。
辨析asleep,sleepy 和sleeping
相同點(diǎn):這三個(gè)詞都具有形容詞性質(zhì)。不同點(diǎn):
asleep意思是“睡著了,它是表語(yǔ)形容詞,在句中只能作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),不能作定語(yǔ)。
The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school.
老師發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆在課上睡著了,放學(xué)后把他留了下來(lái)。
sleepy意思是“想睡了”但并沒(méi)有睡著。它可以在句中作定語(yǔ)。
I'm sleepy and I'd like to go to bed.老想睡了,我去房間休息了。
sleeping意思是“正在睡覺(jué)”。它可以在句中作定語(yǔ)。
They woke up the sleeping girl and asked her where her parents were.他們把那位正在睡覺(jué)的女孩叫醒,問(wèn)她父母在哪兒。
辨析diet與food
相同點(diǎn):diet,food都可作“食物”解。不同點(diǎn):
diet指的是習(xí)慣的食物或規(guī)定的食物,特指維持健康的定量或定質(zhì)的食物,如病人的療養(yǎng)飲食。
The doctor has ordered me a special diet.醫(yī)生給我安排了特殊的飲食。
注意:diet是可數(shù)名詞,常與不定冠詞a連用,如:
food是一般用法,凡能吃喝的具有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的東西都稱food. food是不可數(shù)名詞,但在表示食品的種類時(shí),可以用復(fù)數(shù)。
The doctor put him on a diet after operation.手術(shù)之后,醫(yī)生規(guī)定了他的飲食。
Too many sweet foods will make you fat.太多的甜食會(huì)使你發(fā)胖。
辨析in the future 與 in future
相同點(diǎn):這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都表示“在將來(lái)”的意思,一般可以互換。不同點(diǎn):
1)in future (= from now on)強(qiáng)調(diào)“從今以后/今后”,如:
Don't do that again. Be more careful in future. 別再那樣做了,今后更要注意。
2)in the future (=time that has not come yet)側(cè)重表示“將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)候/將來(lái)”,不一定就是從今立即開(kāi)始,與in the past相對(duì)。
My sister wants to be an actress in the future. 我妹妹將來(lái)想當(dāng)演員。
辨析 too much 與 much too
1)much too具有副詞功能,作程度狀語(yǔ),常用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí),意為“實(shí)在太,非!薄K荒苄揎梽(dòng)詞。
It is much too expensive. 這實(shí)在太貴了。
2)too much具有形容詞、名詞和副詞的功能,可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),意為“太多、過(guò)多、過(guò)分、太厲害”。中心詞為much,too用于修飾much,表示程度,用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。其用法可以歸納為以下幾種:
a. 用作形容詞,修飾不可數(shù)名詞;
b. 用作副詞,修飾動(dòng)詞,作狀語(yǔ)。
c. 用作名詞,后常與of連用。
d. 用作代詞;
e. 一般不單獨(dú)用在be動(dòng)詞之后,但可用在 “be too much for sb.”結(jié)構(gòu)中,表示“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太難了(受不了)”。例如:
1)There was too much noise.(√)The noise was too much.(×)噪音太大了。
2)She is afraid the rip will be too much for her. 她怕受不了旅途的勞累。
3)You are asking for too much.你要的太多了。
4)Jack thinks too much of himself.杰克太自以為是。
It cost him too much. 他付出的代價(jià)太大了。
辨析advise和suggest
相同點(diǎn):這二個(gè)動(dòng)詞都是提出建議和忠告,后面同時(shí)可接如下用法:
1)可接名詞:He advised / suggested a rest.他建議休息一下。
2)代詞:They advised / suggested nothing to us.他們對(duì)我們沒(méi)有什么建議。
3)動(dòng)名詞:Tom advised / suggested sending for a doctor at once.湯姆建議立即叫醫(yī)生。
4)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(that從句中用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略,意思相近)。
I advised / suggested that he (should)eat more fruit.我建議他應(yīng)多吃水果。
不相同點(diǎn):
advise可以接賓語(yǔ)+不定式短語(yǔ)或疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ),而suggest不能這樣用。
The doctor advised me to rest for a week.醫(yī)生建議我休息一星期。
I suggested to hold a meeting (×)
I suggested holding a meeting.(√)
John suggested us to go for a walk.(×)
John advised us to go for a walk.(√)
辨析die of 與die from
相同點(diǎn):兩者含有“由于……而死”之意,后均接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。在因外界環(huán)境影到體內(nèi)或疾病,衰弱,年邁而造成的死亡時(shí),兩者可互換。
He died of/from overeating/hunger/cold /illness.他因?yàn)橄涣?饑餓/寒冷/疾病而死亡。
不同點(diǎn):
die of 可用來(lái)表示因內(nèi)在感情而造成的死亡,或因直接原因?qū)е滤劳觯S糜谝韵虑闆r:
die of cancer/a cold/a fever/old age/sorrow/love
die from用來(lái)表示非人體的而是環(huán)境污染,事故等造成的死亡,或者說(shuō)因間接原因?qū)е滤劳,常用以下情況:
die from polluted air /an accident/drinking too much/ a wound因污染的空氣/事故/飲酒過(guò)度/受傷而死
分析句型as much /many as…
作“多達(dá)……程度”解。所涉及的數(shù)量如果是可數(shù)的,則用many,如果是不可數(shù) 的,則用much,如:
You can eat as much as you like.你愛(ài)吃多少就吃多少。
Here are plenty of magazines. Take as many as you want. 這里有大量的雜志,你要多少拿多少吧。
分析discuss用法
vt.討論,商量,商討
1.+疑問(wèn)詞+to do
We'll discuss when to hold the sports meeting.我們將討論什么時(shí)候開(kāi)支運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
2. +從句
We discussed where we should go.我們討論了我們?cè)撋夏膬喝ァ?br> n.討論,議論
We had a long discussion about the question.關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們討論了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。
cause much discussion 引起議論
be under discussion 在討論中。
1.When playing football or basketball,you might be using 400 calories an hour.
這句是狀語(yǔ)從句中省略了主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞be.在表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式(比較)或讓步等的狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果謂語(yǔ)含有動(dòng)詞be,主語(yǔ)又和主句的主語(yǔ)一致,或其主語(yǔ)是it,那么從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分(尤其是動(dòng)詞be)往往可以省略,如:
連詞+V-ing
When (she was)walking along the river,she met the stranger.
連詞+V-ed
He won't come unless (he is )invited.
連詞+adj/adv
The news will change all our plan,if (it is )true.
另外,在比較狀語(yǔ)從句或方式狀語(yǔ)從句中,可根據(jù)需要省略相同的成份。
You can jump much higher on the moon than (you jump)on the earth.
2.What food do you think is healthy and which is unhealthy?
該句為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+do you think+其他部分構(gòu)成的,用以征詢對(duì)方的看法或推測(cè)等。其中的do you think 是插入語(yǔ),并不影響全句結(jié)構(gòu)?梢杂糜谶@一結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有believe,imagine,suppose等,如:
Who do you think has got the first prize? 你認(rèn)為誰(shuí)獲得了第一名?
Which do you suppose will be taken away next? 你認(rèn)為接下來(lái)被拿走的是哪一個(gè)?
但是當(dāng)think,believe,imagine,suppose等用在“think+賓語(yǔ)+to be”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),要慎重選擇who(主格)或whom (賓格),試比較:
1)Whom do you think to be the best in our class?你認(rèn)為誰(shuí)是我們班好的學(xué)生?
2)Who do you think will be our English teacher next term?你認(rèn)為下學(xué)期誰(shuí)會(huì)當(dāng)我們英語(yǔ)教師?
句1為“think sb. to be”結(jié)構(gòu),是對(duì)sb.表示疑問(wèn)。
句2是對(duì)I think 后賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)表示疑問(wèn)。
表示建議和提出忠告的方法
“建議”可以包括兩個(gè)方面,即表示建議對(duì)方做某事和表示建議對(duì)方和自己一起做某事,第二種情況在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中可用“咱們”這個(gè)人稱代詞!敖ㄗh”有許多表達(dá)方法,有直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约旱南敕,也有轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角地暗示自己的想法;有隨時(shí)想起的提議,也有經(jīng)過(guò)周密思考提出的建議。表達(dá)“建議”的常用方法有:
1)用“Let's” 開(kāi)頭的祈使句后面接動(dòng)詞原形,建議對(duì)方和自己一起做某事,句尾常常加 “shall we?”,“OK” 等用于征求對(duì)方看法的詞語(yǔ),從而使語(yǔ)氣緩和得多。例如:
Let's cross over here while the light's green.
Let's call it a day now,OK?
Let's go upstairs,shall we?
“Let's…,shall we?” 句型可以和 “Shall we…?” 換用,肯定回答常用 “Yes,let's…” .例如:
—Shall we listen to some music? —Yes,let's listen to some.
2)用 “Why don't you…” 句型建議對(duì)方做某事,可縮略為 “Why not…?”。 例如:
Why don't you sell the car if you need money?
Why not look in the local paper?
3)用“How/ What about…?” 句型,表達(dá)非正式的建議,征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn),多數(shù)情況下建議對(duì)方和自己一起做某事。例如:
How about a trip to the beach on Sunday?
What about coming across the road for a break?
4)用suggest,suggestion等詞匯表示比較正式的建議,在會(huì)議和討論中使用較多,也常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。例如:
I suggest a meeting with the new members.
I suggest trying it once more.
I suggest (that)we (should)take the night train.
“勸告”偏重于為對(duì)方著想,替對(duì)方出主意、想辦法,或者是長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩、師長(zhǎng)對(duì)學(xué)生、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的對(duì)無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人講應(yīng)該做什么或怎樣去做。表達(dá)“勸告”的常用方法有:
1)“You'd better….”句型表達(dá)隨便的勸告,口語(yǔ)中有時(shí)省略had和主語(yǔ)you.例如:
You'd better take an umbrella. It's going to rain.
Better do it yourself. It's no good depending on others.
2)用should,ought to,might,could 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)責(zé)任和義務(wù)。例如:
—Please tell me which courses to take in the first term.
—Well,you could take a history course. You might also take art course. You should certainly take a language course.
3)用advise,advice 等詞匯。例如:
I strongly advise you to see the doctor.
My advice is: Go to the doctor right now.